Ionic compounds

• How does ionic bonding occur?

  A metal atom transfers electrons to a non-metal atom
• What do we call the ions formed in ionic bonding?

  Oppositely charged ions
• What forces attract the ions in an ionic bond?

  Electrostatic forces
• What structure do ionic compounds form in three dimensions?

  Regular lattice structures
• How can ionic compounds be represented visually?

  With ball and stick diagrams
• What are two key properties of ionic compounds?

  High melting/boiling points and electrical conductivity
• What determines the melting and boiling points of ionic compounds?

  The strength of the ionic bonds
• Why can ionic compounds conduct electricity when melted or dissolved?

  Charged particles can move freely
• What happens to ionic compounds in solid form regarding electricity?

  They cannot conduct electricity
• How do we determine the formula of an ionic compound?

  By balancing the charges of the ions
• What is the formula for sodium chloride?

  NaCl
• How does magnesium chloride differ from sodium chloride in terms of charge?

  Magnesium has a two plus charge
• What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

  MgCl2
• How do we determine the formula for aluminium sulfate?

  • Aluminium has a three plus charge
  • Sulfate has a two minus charge
  • Find the lowest common multiple of charges (6)
  • Formula: Al₂(SO₄)₃
• What are some other ions worth memorizing?

  Nitrate, carbonate, and ammonium ions
• What is the charge of the nitrate ion?

  NO₃⁻