Chap 2: Kinetic Particle Theory

    Cards (60)

    • What does matter refer to?
      A substance that has mass and occupies space
    • How many states does matter exist in?
      Three states
    • What is an example of a solid state of matter?
      Ice
    • What is an example of a liquid state of matter?
      Water
    • What is an example of a gas state of matter?
      Water vapor
    • What are the differences between solids, liquids, and gases?
      • Solids: Fixed shape, closely packed particles
      • Liquids: Indefinite shape, closely packed but disordered
      • Gases: Indefinite shape, far apart and disordered particles
    • What does the Kinetic Particle Theory state?
      All matter is made of tiny particles in motion
    • What causes the 'dancing' dust seen in a beam of light?
      Air particles moving and bumping into dust
    • What happens to particles when a solid is heated?
      Particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate faster
    • What happens to particles when a solid is cooled?
      Particles lose kinetic energy and move slowly
    • What are the properties of solids, liquids, and gases?
      • Solids: Very closely packed, strong attractive forces, low kinetic energy
      • Liquids: Closely packed but disordered, less strong attractive forces, low kinetic energy
      • Gases: Very far apart, very weak attractive forces, high kinetic energy
    • What is the melting point?
      The temperature at which a solid melts
    • What occurs during the melting process?
      Particles gain kinetic energy and slide past each other
    • What is freezing?
      The change from a liquid to a solid
    • What is condensation?
      The change from a gas to a liquid
    • What are the changes of state in matter?
      • Melting: Solid to liquid
      • Freezing: Liquid to solid
      • Boiling: Liquid to gas
      • Condensation: Gas to liquid
      • Evaporation: Liquid to gas at any temperature
    • What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?
      Boiling occurs at boiling point, evaporation can occur at any temperature
    • What happens to gas particles when temperature drops?
      Gas particles lose kinetic energy and move closer together
    • What happens when you activate the steam-releasing function on an iron?
      Water boils and escapes as steam
    • What is the boiling point?
      The temperature at which a liquid boils
    • What are the learning objectives regarding states of matter?
      • Outline the kinetic particle theory of matter
      • Describe solid, liquid, and gaseous states
      • Explain conversion between states at transition temperatures
    • What is the significance of leaving gaps between railway tracks?
      To allow for expansion on hot days
    • What happens during solid-gas transitions?
      Solid changes directly to gas without becoming liquid
    • What is the process of solid-liquid transitions?
      Particles gain energy and overcome attractive forces
    • What happens during liquid-gas transitions?
      Liquid changes to gas at boiling point
    • What is the cooling curve for freezing?
      It shows temperature drop as liquid freezes
    • What happens during the boiling process?
      Particles throughout the liquid change to gas
    • What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy during phase changes?
      Temperature changes reflect kinetic energy changes
    • What is the role of attractive forces in phase changes?
      Attractive forces determine the state of matter
    • What happens to particles during condensation?
      Particles lose kinetic energy and move closer
    • What is the significance of transition temperatures?
      They are the points where state changes occur
    • What is the process of evaporation?
      Particles at the surface escape as vapor
    • What is the difference between melting and freezing?
      Melting is solid to liquid, freezing is liquid to solid
    • What happens during the solid-gas transition?
      Solid changes directly to gas without becoming liquid
    • What is the significance of the heating curve?
      It shows temperature changes during phase transitions
    • What is the cooling curve for condensation?
      It shows temperature drop as gas condenses
    • What are the three states of matter?
      Solids, liquids, and gases
    • How does boiling differ from melting?
      Boiling changes liquid to gas, melting changes solid to liquid
    • What happens during liquid-gas transitions when temperature drops?
      Gas particles lose kinetic energy and move closer
    • What is condensation?
      The change from gas to liquid
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