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Sec 3 Chemistry
Chap 2: Kinetic Particle Theory
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Cards (60)
What does matter refer to?
A
substance
that has
mass
and occupies space
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How many states does matter exist in?
Three
states
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What is an example of a solid state of matter?
Ice
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What is an example of a liquid state of matter?
Water
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What is an example of a gas state of matter?
Water vapor
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What are the differences between solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids:
Fixed shape
,
closely packed
particles
Liquids: Indefinite shape, closely packed but
disordered
Gases: Indefinite shape,
far apart
and disordered particles
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What does the Kinetic Particle Theory state?
All
matter
is made of tiny
particles
in motion
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What causes the 'dancing' dust seen in a beam of light?
Air particles
moving and bumping into dust
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What happens to particles when a solid is heated?
Particles gain
kinetic energy
and vibrate faster
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What happens to particles when a solid is cooled?
Particles lose
kinetic energy
and move slowly
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What are the properties of solids, liquids, and gases?
Solids: Very
closely packed
,
strong attractive forces
, low kinetic energy
Liquids: Closely packed but disordered, less strong attractive forces, low kinetic energy
Gases: Very far apart, very
weak attractive forces
,
high kinetic energy
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What is the melting point?
The temperature at which a
solid
melts
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What occurs during the melting process?
Particles gain
kinetic energy
and slide past each other
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What is freezing?
The change from a
liquid
to a
solid
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What is condensation?
The change from a
gas
to a
liquid
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What are the changes of state in matter?
Melting
: Solid to liquid
Freezing
: Liquid to solid
Boiling
: Liquid to gas
Condensation
: Gas to liquid
Evaporation
: Liquid to gas at any temperature
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What is the difference between boiling and evaporation?
Boiling occurs at
boiling point
, evaporation can occur at any temperature
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What happens to gas particles when temperature drops?
Gas particles lose
kinetic energy
and move closer together
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What happens when you activate the steam-releasing function on an iron?
Water
boils
and escapes as steam
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What is the boiling point?
The temperature at which a
liquid
boils
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What are the learning objectives regarding states of matter?
Outline the
kinetic particle theory
of matter
Describe
solid
,
liquid
, and
gaseous
states
Explain conversion between states at
transition temperatures
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What is the significance of leaving gaps between railway tracks?
To allow for
expansion
on hot days
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What happens during solid-gas transitions?
Solid changes directly to gas without becoming
liquid
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What is the process of solid-liquid transitions?
Particles
gain energy and overcome
attractive forces
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What happens during liquid-gas transitions?
Liquid changes to gas at
boiling point
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What is the cooling curve for freezing?
It shows
temperature drop
as liquid freezes
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What happens during the boiling process?
Particles
throughout the
liquid
change to
gas
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What is the relationship between temperature and kinetic energy during phase changes?
Temperature
changes reflect
kinetic
energy
changes
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What is the role of attractive forces in phase changes?
Attractive forces determine the
state of matter
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What happens to particles during condensation?
Particles lose
kinetic energy
and move closer
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What is the significance of transition temperatures?
They are the points where
state changes
occur
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What is the process of evaporation?
Particles
at the
surface
escape as vapor
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What is the difference between melting and freezing?
Melting is
solid
to
liquid
, freezing is
liquid
to
solid
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What happens during the solid-gas transition?
Solid changes directly to gas without becoming
liquid
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What is the significance of the heating curve?
It shows
temperature
changes during
phase transitions
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What is the cooling curve for condensation?
It shows temperature drop as gas
condenses
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What are the three states of matter?
Solids
,
liquids
, and
gases
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How does boiling differ from melting?
Boiling changes
liquid
to
gas
, melting changes
solid
to liquid
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What happens during liquid-gas transitions when temperature drops?
Gas particles lose
kinetic energy
and move closer
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What is condensation?
The change from
gas
to
liquid
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See all 60 cards
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