Waves / sound

• What is the highest point of a transverse wave called?

  Peak
• How is amplitude defined in a wave?

  Distance from peak or trough to rest position
• What does wavelength measure in a wave?

  Distance from one peak to the next peak
• What is the lowest point of a transverse wave called?

  Trough
• How is wavelength measured in a transverse wave?

  From one peak to the next peak
• What is frequency in the context of waves?

  Number of complete vibrations in one second
• How is frequency measured?

  In hertz (Hz)
• What does a frequency of 50 Hz indicate?

  50 vibrations or waves per second
• What is the time period of a wave?

  Time taken for one complete cycle of the wave
• How is time period measured?

  In seconds (s)
• What does a displacement-time graph measure?

  The time period of a wave
• What is compression in longitudinal waves?

  Region of high pressure with closer particles
• What is rarefaction in longitudinal waves?

  Region of low pressure with further particles
• How is amplitude defined in longitudinal waves?

  Maximum distance a particle moves from rest
• How is wavelength measured in longitudinal waves?

  From center of one compression to next
• What is the relationship between frequency and waves?

  Frequency equals complete waves passing a point
• What are examples of waves?

  Light, sound, ocean waves, radio waves
• What do all waves do?

  Transfer energy from one place to another
• What are the two types of waves?

  Transverse and longitudinal waves
• How do transverse waves move?

  Particles vibrate at right angles to wave direction
• How do longitudinal waves move?

  Particles move back and forth in wave direction
• How do we hear sounds?

  Our ears turn sound vibrations into signals
• What is the function of the eardrum?

  Vibrates in response to sound waves
• What are the three small bones in the ear called?

  Hammer, anvil, and stirrup
• What does the cochlea do?

  Turns vibrations into electrical signals
• What is the auditory nerve's function?

  Carries signals from cochlea to brain
• What is the visible portion of the outer ear called?

  Pinna
• What is ultrasound?

  Sound waves with frequency above 20 kHz
• What is the highest frequency humans can hear?

  20,000 Hz (20 kHz)
• How do sound vibrations affect pitch?

  Faster vibrations produce higher pitch sounds