Specific heat capacity

• Specific heat capacity e.g:

  1kg of water at 25 Celsius -> Absorbs 4200J of heat energy -> 1kg of water at 26 Celsius.

  • The water remains liquid throughout the heating process.
• Specific heat capacity (SHC):


  The amount of heat energy (in joules) required to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1 Celsius without changing its state.

  Also as the amount of energy released by a substance as it cools.

  • Unit: J/kg$^{\circ}$C
• Energy transfer (J) = mass (kg) x specific heat capacity (J/Kg℃) x Change in temperature (℃)
• E = m x C x Δθ
• • m = E / C x Δθ
  • C = E / m x Δθ
  • Δθ = E / m x C
  • Ε = mcΔθ
• Energy transfer per second, depends upon:

  • Type of substance (specific heat capacity)
  • Mass of substance
  • The amount of the substance
  • Temperature difference (final temp. - initial temp.)
• Whenever you heat up or cool down an object.

  • there's a CHANGE IN ENERGY.
• Specific heat capacity (SHC):

  A property of a material that tells you how easy it is to HEAT UP or COOL DOWN.

  
• • Water takes 4186 Joules to heat 1 kg of water by 1°C.
  • Oil has a lower SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY of 1670 J/kg°C, so it needs LESS energy to heat up.

  Meaning the oil heats up and cools down more easily than water.

  
• Internal energy:


  The total energy stored by the particles making up a substance or system, it’s made up of:

  • Potential energy stores
  • Kinetic energy stores

  
• Potential energy stores:

  • Things like gravitational & elastic potential, but they’re not really related to temp.

  Kinetic energy stores:

  • The movement energy of the particles.

  
• • The particles in a solid have kinetic energy because they are vibrating.
  • The particles in a liquid or gas have kinetic energy because they move around.
• In physics:

  • Energy change is measured in joules
  • mass is measured in kilograms