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Cards (53)
What does epidemiology study?
Distribution and patterns of
disease
in
populations
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What is the definition of incidence in epidemiology?
Occurrence of
new
disease cases over time
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What does prevalence refer to in epidemiology?
Proportion of a
population
with a disease
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What is the definition of mortality?
Occurrence of
death
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What does mortality rate indicate?
Frequency
of death in a
population
over time
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What does morbidity mean?
State of having a
disease
or condition
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What is the systematic approach in epidemiology to prevent disease spread?
Count the number of
disease cases
Calculate the
rate of disease
Compare rates over
time or groups
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Who is a notable figure in epidemiology related to the Broad Street water pump?
John Snow
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What principles must be considered in every epidemiology study?
Identify the
cause
of
disease
Determine the
extent
of the disease
Identify
trends
and patterns
Study disease progression
Plan and evaluate
preventive
methods
Develop
public health
policy
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What should you include when evaluating a scientist's claim about health trends?
Use and limits of
epidemiology
as a method
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What is COPD?
A
disease
affecting the lungs
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What are common symptoms of COPD?
Wheezing
,
chest tightness
,
chronic coughing
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What causes the majority of COPD cases?
Smoking
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What is a limitation of the data provided in epidemiological studies?
It may not include
undiagnosed
cases
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What factors should be considered when evaluating conclusions from epidemiological data?
Data on
air pollution levels
Overlapping
error bars
Sample size and
demographics
Reliability of the
data sources
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How does health promotion help prevent disease spread?
Communication
: Raise awareness through media
Policy
: Change regulations to enforce behavior
Education
: Improve knowledge and empower individuals
Targeted campaigns for
specific
diseases
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What slogan was used during the CoViD-19 pandemic for public awareness?
Hands-Face-Space
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Why is it important to communicate health information effectively?
To control the spread of
diseases
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What is one way health promotion helps prevent disease spread?
Raising awareness through
media campaigns
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How do policies and systems contribute to health promotion?
They enforce required behaviors through
regulations
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What is an example of a health promotion education program?
Improving knowledge to adapt
behavior
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Why is communication important in health promotion?
It facilitates
information sharing
with the public
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What slogan was used during the CoViD-19 pandemic for health promotion?
Hands-Face-Space
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What is an example of a policy to promote health?
It is illegal to sell
alcohol
to
minors
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How can health professionals communicate effectively during a health crisis?
Using clear and concise
public messages
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What is a consequence of ignoring health professionals' advice?
It can lead to
serious health issues
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What resources does the NHS provide for health education?
Health A-Z
and
Live Well
programs
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What should you do to learn about a specific disease's health promotion?
Investigate available health promotion
resources
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How does targeted awareness raising help health promotion?
It focuses on
specific diseases
for effective outreach
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What is homeostasis?
Maintaining stable
internal
conditions
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What role do receptors play in homeostasis?
They
detect
changes in the
environment
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How do neurons contribute to homeostasis?
They carry messages to and from the
CNS
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What is the difference between negative and positive feedback loops?
Negative feedback
reduces
changes,
positive
enhances them
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What is the normal blood pressure range for adults?
Systolic
90–120
,
diastolic
60–80
mmHg
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What factors can affect physiological measurements?
Age
, weight, exercise,
sex
, overall health
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What is the normal heart rate range for adults?
60
to
100
beats per minute
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What is the normal respiratory rate at rest?
12
to
20
breaths per minute
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What is the normal body temperature range?
36
to
37.5°C
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What is topographical classification of diseases?
Classification by
bodily
region or system
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What does anatomical classification refer to?
Classification by
organ
or tissue
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See all 53 cards
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