UK urbanisation - portsmouth

• Simply describe the population distribution of the UK.


  The population distribution of the UK is very uneven.
• What affects where most people live in the UK?

  The relief (change in the height of the land).
• What have many of the major UK cities developed into?


  Conurbations - towns that have merged to form continuous urban areas.
• Describe and explain the population density of upland regions in the UK.

  Upland regions such as the north of Scotland are sparsely-populated - they are difficult to farm and have few natural resources.
• What has mineral wealth often led to in the UK and why?

  Mineral wealth (especially of coal and iron ore) has often led to rapid population growth because this was where industries developed. Many of the UK's cities developed on major coalfields, e.g. Newcastle and Leeds.
• Where have most urban areas developed in the UK and why?

  Most urban areas have developed in lowland areas (e.g. Birmingham) - they are easier to build on and the climate is milder than upland areas.
• Describe and explain the population density of London.

  London is the UK's biggest city - it has around 9 million people, which is about 16% of the UK's total population. It is the national capital and has many industries (e.g. it is a global financial centre).
• Describe and explain the population density of many coastal areas in the UK.

  Many coastal areas have attracted human settlement - especially where there are sheltered bays and river estuaries suitable for building harbours. Key ports (e.g. Liverpool and Cardiff) have grown into major cities.
• What are the four distinct zones that most UK cities have?

  • The Central Business District (CBD)

  • The inner city

  • The suburbs

  • The rural-urban fringe
• Describe the Central Business District of a city and how to identify them on a map.

  The Central Business District (CBD) is usually in the middle of a city. Most amenities and services are found here. The CBD is often surrounded by a ring road.
• Describe the inner city of a city and how to identify them on a map.

  The inner city area often has a mix of land uses - mainly residential but with some businesses and recreational parks. Lots of short, parallel roads often show areas of terraced housing in the inner city.
• Describe the suburbs of a city and how to identify them on a map.

  The suburbs are found towards the edge of a city. They are mainly residential areas, often with semi-detached houses. Look out for short, curved streets and cul-de-sacs.
• Describe the rural-urban fringe of a city and how to identify them on a map.

  The rural-urban fringe is on the edge of the city. It has farmland and open spaces as well as new housing developments and large retail and business parks. A mixture of white space and built-up areas show this on a map.
• Describe the location of Portsmouth.

  Portsmouth is a city located on the south coast of England, UK, in the continent of Europe. Portsmouth's neighbouring city is Southampton, positioned to the west of Portsmouth. Portsmouth is located to the north of the Isle of Wight, which is accessible to Portsmouth via the Wight link ferry.
• List reasons for the international importance of Portsmouth.

  • Portsmouth is home to the UK navy: 2/3 of the fleet is based in the city

  • EADS Astrium makes satellites for the European Space Agency

  • BAE Systems fits out new naval ships in Portsmouth

  • American IBM has its European headquarters in Portsmouth

  • Ferries to Spain and France

  • UK's largest aid dispatching port
• Give an argument on why Portsmouth could be considered no longer important.

  Although Portsmouth is the UK's biggest naval base, the UK navy is tiny compared to other countries such as China who has over 800 ships, whereas the UK has 84.
• Give examples of the retail facilities in Portsmouth.

  • Albert road

  • Gunwharf Quays

  • Commercial road

  • Cascades shopping centre
• Give examples of open space in Portsmouth.

  • Southsea common

  • Seaside resort/ beach

  • Farlington marshes

  • Victoria park
• Give examples of big events in Portsmouth.

  • Festivals (e.g. Victorious)

  • Funfairs

  • America's cup world series
• Define 'deprivation'.

  Deprivation means not having basic needs met, such as decent housing, a living wage, a good diet, clean air, open space and access to education.
• Define 'inequality'.

  Inequality is the unfair access different people have to income, job security, leisure time, nutritious food, secure housing etc.
• Describe the location of Farlington.

  Farlington is located on England's mainland rather than on Portsea island. This is the northern region of the city.
• Describe the location of Fratton.

  Fratton is located in the centre of the city and is located on Portsea island.
• What is the population density (per km2) in Farlington?

  2,230
• What is the population density (per km2) in Fratton?

  11,900
• What is the life expectancy in Farlington?

  83
• What is the life expectancy in Fratton?

  77
• What is the % of residents in bad health in Farlington?

  3%
• What is the % of residents in bad health in Fratton?

  5%
• Make an inference based on the difference in population density between Farlington and Fratton.

  Fratton is more crowded and busy compared to Farlington.
• Make an inference based on the difference in the number of crimes per year between Farlington and Fratton.

  There are more crimes in Fratton because there are more people closer together. It is a less wealthy area so some people may rely on crimes (e.g. shoplifting) for income/ to provide for themselves.
• Make an inference based on the difference in life expectancies between Farlington and Fratton.

  People in Farlington are expected to live longer because they have more money to have a healthy diet and better air quality. Fratton is more densely populated so disease spreads more quickly.
• Make an inference based on the difference in the % of residents in bad health between Farlington and Fratton.

  Homes in Farlington tend to be of better quality (e.g. no mould) and people have more money for a good diet. Fratton is more densely populated so disease spreads more quickly.
• Make an inference based on the difference in the % of higher managerial/ professional workers between Farlington and Fratton.

  These higher paying jobs mean that they have been able to afford a home in a place like Farlington.
• Describe the average home in Fratton.

  Often terraced housing on crowded streets, with a poorer quality of housing and small/ no garden. More noise, light & air pollution due to being closer to the city centre.
• Describe the average home in Farlington.

  Often detached housing on less busy streets, with higher quality and larger housing, often with large gardens. There is less noise, light & air pollution due to being further away from the city centre.
• Give examples of Portsmouth's urban greening.

  • 290 acres of open space accessible to the public

  • 86,500 trees

  • 22.5% of the city's surface is covered in grass
• What is a greenfield site?

  Land that has not been built on before.
• What is a brownfield site?

  Land that has been built on before.
• Suggest the reasons not to build on Tipner West.

  • Risk of flooding/ sinking due to rising sea levels

  • Areas would have to be checked because it used to be a shooting range

  • Causes more traffic on the M275

  • Needed to build coastal defences to protect from flooding - very expensive

  • Damaging to the marine environment