Brown and green fields

• Brown Fields


  Previously developed sites with redevelopment opportunities, environmental remediation, and urban renewal
• Green Fields


  Undeveloped, natural areas with pristine environments, habitat protection, and recreational spaces
• Advantages of Brown Fields

  Re-development opportunities, environmental remediation, urban renewal, and complex project management
• Disadvantages of Brown Fields

  High costs, complexity, and conflict with environmental remediation
• Advantages of Green Fields

  Pristine environments, habitat protection, recreational spaces, and biodiversity preservation
• Disadvantages of Green Fields

  Limited development potential, conflict with urban growth, and environmental protection challenges