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SIU1 Immunity and disease
PPIs
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Sophie King
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Cards (16)
What role does acetylcholine play in the function of parietal cells?
Acetylcholine
stimulates
acid
secretion
in
parietal
cells.
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What must happen to the proton pump for it to function properly?
It must be
activated
by various stimuli.
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What is the primary function of the proton pump in parietal cells?
It secretes
hydrogen ions
into the stomach.
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How many cysteine residues are present in the proton pump?
28 cysteine residues.
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How does histamine affect parietal cells?
Histamine binds to
receptors
on
parietal
cells to stimulate
acid secretion
.
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What is the primary function of the proton pump in relation to hydrogen ions?
It pumps
hydrogen
ions out of the
parietal
cells into the
stomach.
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Name one example of a proton pump inhibitor (PPI).
Examples include
omeprazole
and pantoprazole.
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Why are weak bases not effective in acidic conditions?
They are not converted to their
active form
in acidic conditions.
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What is the significance of targeting cysteine residues in the proton pump?
Targeting cysteine residues can
inhibit
the proton pump's activity.
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What is the importance of the stability of PPIs in the gastrointestinal tract?
PPIs must be stable enough to survive the gut's
acidic
environment.
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What is the advantage of the S-enantiomer of omeprazole?
The S-enantiomer has better
potency
and
pharmacokinetic
profile.
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How does the CYP2C19 enzyme affect the metabolism of omeprazole?
It leads to less
hydroxylation
of the S-enantiomer, enhancing its
effectiveness
.
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What is the primary role of proton pumps in gastric acid secretion?
They secrete
hydrogen ions
into the gastric lumen.
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What is the mechanism of action of proton pump inhibitors?
They
irreversibly inhibit
the
proton
pump
, reducing
gastric acid secretion
.
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Why is omeprazole considered a well-balanced PPI?
It is
reactive
enough for activation but
stable
enough to survive the
gastrointestinal
tract.
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What does stereoselectivity in drug metabolism imply?
It implies different metabolic outcomes for R- and S- isomers.
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