cell cycle and how its regulated

• What are the four main parts of the cell cycle?

  G1, S, G2, and mitosis
• What is interphase in the cell cycle?

  It is where the cell spends most of its lifetime
• What does mitosis produce?

  Two genetically identical daughter cells
• What does G1 phase involve?

  Cell growth and organelle increase
• What occurs during the G2 phase?

  Spindle formation begins
• What is the S phase responsible for?

  DNA replication
• What is cytokinesis?

  The process that produces two cells
• Why is DNA replication important?

  To ensure daughter cells have identical DNA
• What is the G0 phase?

  A resting phase for fully differentiated cells
• Which cells might enter G0 phase?

  Red blood cells and nerve cells
• Why might a cell enter G0 phase?

  For DNA repair or differentiation
• What is the G1 checkpoint for?

  To ensure chemicals for DNA replication are present
• What does the G2 checkpoint check for?

  DNA mutations that occurred during S phase
• What happens if there are DNA mutations detected?

  The cell may enter G0 to repair DNA
• What is checked during mitosis before metaphase?

  If the spindles have aligned correctly
• Why is it important for daughter cells to receive identical genetic information?

  To ensure proper protein function
• What terminology should be avoided in exams regarding cell size?

  Using terms like "amount" or "size"
• What are the stages of the cell cycle and their functions?

  • G1: Cell growth and organelle increase
  • S: DNA replication
  • G2: Preparation for mitosis, spindle formation
  • Mitosis: Division into two identical daughter cells
  • Cytokinesis: Final separation into two cells
• What are the key checkpoints in the cell cycle?

  • G1 checkpoint: Checks for necessary chemicals for DNA replication
  • G2 checkpoint: Checks for DNA mutations
  • Mitosis checkpoint: Checks spindle alignment before metaphase
• What is the significance of the G0 phase in the cell cycle?

  • Resting phase for fully differentiated cells
  • Cells may enter for DNA repair
  • Examples include red blood cells and nerve cells