Disaccharides

• Name three monosaccharides mentioned in the lesson.

  Glucose, fructose, galactose
• What is a monomer?

  A smaller unit creating larger molecules
• What is a polymer?

  A molecule made of many monomers
• What does the prefix "di-" in disaccharide indicate?

  It means two monosaccharides bonded
• What is the bond called that joins two monosaccharides?

  Glycosidic bond
• What type of reaction forms a disaccharide from monosaccharides?

  Condensation reaction
• What common element do all three disaccharides contain?

  One molecule of glucose
• What are the three disaccharides you need to know?

  Maltose, lactose, sucrose
• What does a condensation reaction release when forming a disaccharide?

  A molecule of water
• What is hydrolysis?

  Splitting molecules by adding water
• How does a glycosidic bond form during a condensation reaction?

  By removing water from two monosaccharides
• What is the reverse process of condensation called?

  Hydrolysis
• What catalyzes hydrolysis reactions in the body?

  Enzymes
• What is digestion in relation to polymers?

  Hydrolysis of large molecules into monomers
• What happens to glycogen during glycogenolysis?

  It splits into glucose
• What is the significance of a glycosidic bond in disaccharides?

  It holds two monosaccharides together
• What are the key processes involved in forming and breaking down disaccharides?

  • Formation: Condensation reaction
  • Break down: Hydrolysis reaction
  • Glycosidic bond links monosaccharides
• What are the definitions of monomer and polymer?

  • Monomer: Smaller unit creating larger molecules
  • Polymer: Larger molecule made of many monomers
• What are the three disaccharides and their compositions?

  • Maltose: Glucose + Glucose
  • Lactose: Glucose + Galactose
  • Sucrose: Glucose + Fructose
• What is the relationship between condensation and hydrolysis reactions?

  • Condensation: Joins molecules, releases water
  • Hydrolysis: Splits molecules, adds water