Therapy: Dream-Analysis

• What is the main aim of psychoanalysis?

  To make the unconscious conscious
• Why is dream analysis considered the 'royal road' to the unconscious?

  It reveals unconscious influences through dreams
• What can traumatic childhood experiences lead to in dreams?

  Repressed memories surfacing
• How does a therapist help uncover repressed memories in dreams?

  By offering interpretations in context
• What does Freud's tripartite personality theory suggest about dreams?

  The id is given free rein during dreams
• What does the manifest content of a dream refer to?

  The story the dreamer remembers
• What is the purpose of dreamwork in dream analysis?

  To understand the latent content of dreams
• What is condensation in the context of dreamwork?

  Many elements represented by one image
• How does displacement function in dream analysis?

  Significant features appear as insignificant ones
• What does representation mean in dreamwork?

  Abstract thoughts shown as visual images
• What is symbolism in the context of dreams?

  Significant features replaced by symbols
• What does secondary elaboration do in dreamwork?

  Creates a logical story from dream images
• What is the final step in the dream analysis process?

  Decoding manifest content back to latent content
• Why is it important for therapists to consider the client's life context?

  To offer relevant interpretations of dreams
• Why should therapists offer more than one interpretation of a dream?

  To allow clients to choose the most relevant
• What is the primary focus of dream analysis in therapy?

  Treating mental disorders like depression and anxiety
• What percentage of clients showed improvements according to Mott and Navarro (1997)?

  75%
• What did Schredl et al. (2000) find regarding patients' reports on dream analysis benefits?

  Approximately 70% reported benefits
• What do the studies by Mott and Navarro and Schredl et al. illustrate about dream analysis?

  Benefits in uncovering root causes of disorders
• How common is psychotherapy using dream analysis compared to other forms?

  Less common than talking therapy and hypnosis
• What is a limitation of dream analysis mentioned in the study?

  Limited scientific evidence supporting its effectiveness
• What do Hobson and McCarley (1997) argue about dreams?

  Dreams are commands from the brain
• How does Hobson and McCarley's view challenge Freud's theory?

  It questions dreams as wish fulfilment
• Why is it difficult to support Freud's idea of wish fulfilment in dreams?

  Dream analysis cannot be scientifically validated
• What risks are associated with dream analysis for participants?

  Stress, anxiety, humiliation, or pain
• How might a therapist's guidance affect a client's dream interpretation?

  It may lead to emotional distress from past trauma
• What should therapists ensure regarding participants during dream analysis?

  Participants are protected and informed of withdrawal rights
• What is a key ethical consideration in dream analysis?

  Valid consent from the client
• Why is valid consent particularly important in dream analysis?

  It may uncover emotionally distressing memories
• What should therapists do to ensure clients understand consent?

  Explain what is involved in the therapy
• What risk exists regarding the therapist-client relationship in dream analysis?

  Power imbalance leading to over-reliance
• What are the main conclusions about dream analysis effectiveness?

  • Effective for treating depression and anxiety
  • Addresses root causes from early childhood
  • Lengthy process, often spanning years
  • Significant long-term benefits
• What ethical considerations should therapists keep in mind during dream analysis?

  • Protect clients from psychological harm
  • Ensure valid consent is obtained
  • Manage power imbalances carefully
• What are the potential risks of dream analysis for clients?

  • Emotional distress from traumatic memories
  • False memory creation
  • Stress and anxiety during therapy