interactionalist

• What theory does Interactionism relate to in this context?

  Labelling theory
• What do Interactionists believe about facts?

  They are socially constructed
• How is crime viewed by Interactionists?

  As socially constructed
• What do Interactionists focus on regarding crime?


  Who becomes labelled as a criminal
• What is primary deviance according to Lemert?

  A violation without long-term consequences
• How does primary deviance affect self-image?

  It doesn't hurt self-image
• What is secondary deviance?

  Change in self-concept due to labelling
• What is a master label?

  The main label someone has
• Who proposed that "deviance is in the eye of the beholder"?

  Becker
• How do social groups create deviance?

  By applying rules and labelling people
• What does moral panic theory involve?

  Creation of a criminal through labelling
• What happens to a boy labelled as an offender?

  He sees himself as an offender
• What is the outcome of gaining a master status as an offender?

  Lives life according to that status
• How is a deviant defined according to Becker?

  As someone successfully labelled
• Who are moral entrepreneurs?

  Promoters of moral panics
• What do moral entrepreneurs create?

  A new group of outsiders
• What happens to laws during a moral panic?

  They may change or die off
• What is the concept introduced by Cohen regarding deviance?

  Deviance Amplification Spiral
• How does deviance expand according to Cohen?

  It is covered by control agencies
• What happens to deviance when it is amplified and broadcasted?

  It reaches a wider population
• Who proposed the deviance amplification theory?

  Wilkins
• What is the main idea of Braithwaite's approach to labeling?

  Label the act, not the person
• What is disintegrative shaming according to Braithwaite?

  Labeling leads to internalization and self-fulfilling prophecy
• What is reintegrative shaming?

  Judging the act, not the person
• How does labeling low-level deviance affect crime rates according to Triplett?

  It increases the chance of it occurring
• What policy did New Labour introduce related to deviance?

  ASBOS (Anti-Social Behaviour Order)
• What is the social perception of ASBOS according to the study material?

  It is seen as a badge of honour
• What are the key components of the deviance amplification spiral?

  • Deviance is covered by control agencies
  • Amplification and broadcasting to the public
  • Results in increased awareness and occurrence of deviance
• What are the differences between disintegrative and reintegrative shaming?

  Disintegrative Shaming:

  • Labels the individual
  • Leads to internalization and self-fulfilling prophecy

  
  

  Reintegrative Shaming:

  • Labels the act
  • Less likely to lead to negative self-identity