Immune system

• Immune system

  Network of biological processes that protects an organism from disease
• Disease

  A disorder of structure or function
• What can be detected by the immune system?

  Antigens, pathogens, abnormal body cells, toxins, transplanted organs or tissues
• Antigens

  Foreign proteins/ glycoproteins that simulate an immune response
• Pathogen

  Disease causing microorganisms
• Types of pathogens

  Bacteria, virus, fungi, protists
• Abnormal cells

  Cancerous cells or pathogen infected cells
• example of a transplant

  blood transfusion
• Toxins

  Chemicals produced by bacteria that damage cells
• How are proteins specific?

  Proteins + glycoproteins in the cell-surface membrane are specific to each cell type within an organism
• How are cells distinguished?

  Huge variety of proteins + different tertiary structures
• What are the 2 types of phagocytes?

  Neutrophils and macrophages.
• What is a macrophage nucleus?

  Lobes nucleus
• Phagocyte

  White blood cells that engulf + digest foreign particles/ pathogens
• What system are phagocytes part of?

  Innate immune response
• What is the innate immune response?

  Rapid but non-specific, doesn’t provide immunity for the future