the ways of god are not for humans to understand so there is no point trying to do so
afterlife in judaism is often called Olam Ha-Ba (the world to come)
'this world is like the eve of shabbat, and the olam ha-ba is like shabbat. He who prepares on the eve of shabbat will have food to eat on shabbat' - Talmud
what is important is living a good life now in preparation for the world to come - whatever the world mightbe
Sheol - to which one 'goes down'
doing good actions in this life is more important than spending time thinking about what might happen after death