the cavalier parliament 1661-79

• When was the Cavalier Parliament elected?

  May 1661
• What was the primary concern of MPs during the Cavalier Parliament?

  Local issues and protecting local interests
• How did the financial settlement affect Charles II's power?

  It made him dependent on Parliament
• What did the Act for the Safety and Preservation of His Majesty's Person and Government cancel?

  All ordinances without royal assent
• Which acts remained in effect after the cancellation of ordinances?

  Abolition of star chamber and high commission
• What was removed from the Triennial Act in 1664?

  The requirement to call Parliament every 3 years
• How did the 1662 licensing act affect the press?

  It formalized censorship of the press
• What was the estimated death toll of the Great Plague in 1665?

  100,000 people
• What was the common belief about the cause of the plague?

  It was caused by miasma
• What emergency measures were taken during the Great Plague?

  People could not leave their houses for 40 days
• When did the Great Fire of London occur?

  September 1666
• What action did Charles II take during the Great Fire of London?

  Ordered houses in the fire's path to be pulled down
• What happened to St Paul Cathedral during the Great Fire?

  It collapsed in the flames
• Who became chief advisor to Charles II?

  The Earl of Clarendon
• What was a weakness of the Earl of Clarendon?

  He alienated the king and lacked support
• What led to Clarendon's resignation?

  The disastrous Second Dutch War
• Who were the members of the Cabal Government?

  Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington, Lauderdale
• What was Thomas Clifford's political stance?

  Crypto-Catholic and pro-French
• What did the Secret Treaty of Dover entail?

  Charles agreed to assist Louis XIV against the Dutch
• What was Anthony Ashley Cooper's title in 1672?

  Earl of Shaftesbury
• What was George Villiers known for?

  His overindulgent lifestyle and closeness to Charles II
• What was Henry Bennet's title in 1665?

  Earl of Arlington
• What financial issue did Charles II face?

  Royal income fell significantly
• What did the Commons investigate in late 1666?

  Navy accounts and public spending
• What was the outcome of the Commons' refusal to grant money in 1669?

  Led to a rigid Conventicle Act in 1670
• What was the Third Dutch War's timeframe?

  1672-74
• What was the role of the Earl of Danby?

  He encouraged a rigid Church of England
• How did Danby influence the political landscape?

  He encouraged the formation of the country party
• What happened to Danby after the trial was avoided?

  He was imprisoned in the Tower for five years
• What was the relationship between the court party and the country party?

  They were used together for political advantage
• What were the key events during the Cavalier Parliament period?

  • Royalist backlash led to its election
  • Longest-running Parliament until 1679
  • MPs focused on local issues
  • Limited financial settlement for Charles II
  • Key acts: abolition of star chamber, ship money, triennial act
• What were the emergency measures during the Great Plague?

  • Infected individuals quarantined for 40 days
  • Watchmen enforced house confinement
  • Trading was halted
  • Mass graves were dug for bodies
• What were the consequences of the Great Fire of London?

  • Destroyed around 80% of the city
  • Charles II ordered firebreaks
  • St Paul Cathedral collapsed
  • Led to rebuilding for safety and less overcrowding
• What were the characteristics of the Cabal Government?

  • Comprised key figures: Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington, Lauderdale
  • Influenced by personal loyalties and political maneuvering
  • Faced opposition and internal conflicts
• What were the financial challenges faced by Charles II?

  • Declining royal income
  • Need for Parliament's financial support
  • Investigations into navy accounts
  • Refusal of grants leading to stricter laws
• What was the significance of the Earl of Danby's actions?

  • Encouraged a rigid Church of England
  • Fostered the formation of political parties
  • Managed finances for military against France
  • Faced opposition and eventual imprisonment