Danby and Clarendon

• What year did the Great Plague occur?

  1665
• How many people are estimated to have died from the Great Plague?

  100,000 people
• Where did the Great Plague begin?

  In the suburbs and outskirts of London
• What action did King Charles II take during the Great Plague?

  He and his court fled in the summer
• What happened to the mortality rate of the Great Plague in winter?

  It began to decrease
• What symbol was used to mark the doors of those infected?

  Red crosses
• What was the believed cause of the plague?

  Miasma
• What did people carry to combat miasma?

  Flowers (posy)
• What method was used to 'cleanse' the air?

  Fire and smoke
• What emergency measures were implemented during the Great Plague?

  • Could not leave house for 40 days
  • Watchmen ensured people stayed at home
  • Stopped trading
  • Dug mass graves (plague pits)
• When did the Great Fire of London occur?

  September 1666
• What percentage of London was destroyed by the Great Fire?

  Around 80%
• What was the death toll from the Great Fire of London?

  Unknown but thought to be small
• What action did King Charles II take to combat the fire?

  Ordered houses in the path to be pulled down
• How did King Charles II assist during the fire?

  Joined firefighters and passed buckets of water
• What was used to create fire-breaks during the Great Fire?

  Gunpowder to blow up houses
• What was the public reaction to the explosions during the fire?

  Created panic among the people
• What happened to St Paul Cathedral during the Great Fire?

  It was caught in the flames and collapsed
• What reward did Charles II give to firefighters?

  A purse of 100 guineas
• What positive outcome resulted from the Great Fire?

  Helped clear disease such as the plague
• How was London rebuilt after the Great Fire?

  • Rebuilt to be safer
  • Less overcrowded
• Who was blamed for the Great Fire of London?

  Catholics
• Who became chief advisor to King Charles II?

  The Earl of Clarendon
• What was Clarendon's approach to governance?

  Business-like and arrogant
• What was a weakness of Clarendon in his role?

  Did not build a political network
• How did Clarendon fare with the Privy Council?

  Did not get them fully on his side
• What mistake did Clarendon make regarding Parliament?

  Allowed opposition to develop
• How did Charles II view Clarendon?

  Recognized his skills but disliked him
• What happened to Clarendon after the Second Dutch War?

  He was forced to resign and went into exile
• When did Clarendon go into self-imposed exile?

  August 1667
• What is crown patronage?

  Bestowing jobs to ensure loyalty
• How did James I use crown patronage?

  He made Shakespeare the official playwright
• What was Danby's stance on the Church of England?

  He wanted a rigid Church with no toleration
• What was the consequence of Danby's inability to control Charles' spending?

  It could lead to civil war or conflict
• Why was Charles brought back by the political nation?

  They wanted him there, not for divine right
• What did Danby secure from parliament?

  Money to raise an army against France
• What was the secret treaty of Dover?

  It involved Charles' relations with Louis XIV
• Why was a trial for Danby not necessary?

  Charles did not want it to go to trial
• What happened to Danby after the bill of Attainder?

  He surrendered to the Lords and was imprisoned
• How long did Danby spend in the tower?

  Five years