Localization of Function

• Localization of Function

  Localization is the theory that specific parts of the brain have specific functions that are related to specific behaviors.  Often, however, behaviors are quite complex and involve several different parts of the brain. Although specific parts of the brain may have specific functions, they work together with other parts of the brain to create behaviors.  One example of localization is the role of the hippocampus in memory consolidation as seen in the case study of HM. 
• What does the HM case study provide evidence for?

  Localization of memory functions in the brain
• Which part of the brain is responsible for consolidating short-term memory into long-term memory?

  The hippocampus
• What types of memory does the study distinguish between?

  Procedural vs. episodic/semantic memory
• How do different regions of the brain relate to memory functions according to the study?

  Different regions handle different types of memory
• What does damage to the hippocampus result in?

  Deficits in specific cognitive abilities (memory)
• What theory do the findings of the study align with?

  The theory of localization
• What is the relationship between specific brain areas and cognitive abilities as shown in the study?

  Damage to specific areas leads to memory deficits