UN Success

• Disarmament 


  The GPA had already been signed and there was a commitment to disarm.

  The militia were reintegrated back into society and many were given payments (demobilisation money, back pay owing them) to enable them to build new lives

  • Long term effects had been taken into consideration to restore long term peace.
• South Africa


  South Africa had earlier pulled out of Namibia, and for similar reasons was ready to end its involvement in Mozambique

  By 1992, Nelson Mandela had been released, and the apartheid regime in South Africa was being dismantled

  This made South Africa less aggressive toward the UN and less of a threat to Mozambique
• Timing


  Intervention came after the Cold war and success in the First Gulf war, so confidence in the UN was high

  ONUMOZ was established before Somalia and Bosnia were written off as failures
• The UN's approach


  Integrated to deal with a range of issues that could cause peace to fail:

  • Humanitarian relief
  • Disarmament
  • Monitoring the ceasefire
  • Assisting with setting up and running elections

  Largely similar to the successful mission in Namibia
• Mozambique was ripe for change


  Mozambique was economically exhausted, neither side was making much progress in winning war and each welcomed intervention

  A severe drought at the time was threatening famine if something was not done