Psychodynamic Approach

• What does the psychodynamic approach assume about early childhood experiences?

  They play a key role in later outcomes
• How might being 'stuck' in the oral phase manifest in behavior?

  Addiction, neediness, and continual nail-biting
• What behavior might indicate a person is in denial about their childhood?

  Claiming their upbringing was perfect
• What metaphor did Freud use to explain levels of consciousness?

  The iceberg

  
• What does the hidden portion of the iceberg represent?

  The unconscious mind

  
• How do unconscious thoughts manifest in behavior?

  As dreams, defense mechanisms, or fixation
• What are the three levels of consciousness according to Freud?

  Conscious, preconscious, and unconscious
• What is the conscious mind?

  The part of the mind the individual is aware of
• What does the preconscious mind hold?

  Dreams and Freudian slips
• What do Freudian slips reveal?

  Secret feelings and repressed emotions
• What do dreams reveal according to Freud?

  Secret fears and desires
• What does the unconscious mind hold?

  Information and feelings the individual may be unaware of
• What is the purpose of psychoanalysis according to psychodynamic therapists?

  To confront the frightening parts of the unconscious
• What are the three parts of Freud's tripartite structure of personality?

  • Id
  • Ego
  • Superego
• When does the Id develop according to Freud?

  From birth
• What principle does the Id operate on?

  The pleasure principle
• What does the Id seek?

  Self-indulgent pleasure and instant gratification
• When does the Ego develop?

  Around the age of two
• What principle does the Ego operate on?

  The reality principle
• What is the role of the Ego?

  To mediate between the Id and Superego
• When does the Superego develop?

  Around the age of five
• What principle does the Superego operate on?

  The morality principle
• What does the Superego represent?

  An internalized sense of right and wrong
• What are the limitations of the psychodynamic approach?

  • Difficult to operationalize and test
  • Lacks scientific methodology
  • Assumes psychic determinism
• What are the strengths of the psychodynamic approach?

  • Highlights the role of childhood experiences
  • Links parental treatment to adult behavior
  • Informs therapeutic practices
• What does psychic determinism imply?

  All outcomes are predetermined by the unconscious
• What is a key criticism of the psychodynamic approach regarding free will?

  It negates the idea of free will
• What are the components of a psychodynamic approach question in an exam?

  • AO1: Knowledge of key concepts
  • AO2: Application to a scenario
  • AO3: Analysis and evaluation
• What does AO1 require in a psychodynamic approach exam question?

  Knowledge and understanding of key concepts
• What does AO2 require in a psychodynamic approach exam question?

  Application of knowledge to a scenario
• What does AO3 require in a psychodynamic approach exam question?

  Analysis and evaluation of concepts
• What might Jay's anger issues indicate in the context of the psychodynamic approach?

  Unresolved childhood experiences
• What does Beyonce's guidance to Jay suggest about the psychodynamic approach?

  Childhood is key to understanding his anger
• What are the key components of the psychodynamic approach to behavior?

  • Unconscious mind influences behavior
  • Tripartite structure: Id, Ego, Superego
  • Childhood experiences shape adult behavior
• What is the main focus of the psychodynamic approach?

  The role of the unconscious in behavior
• What is the key to Jay's unconscious anger and resentment?

  His childhood
• What is a strength of the psychodynamic approach?

  • Effective in treating internal conflict
  • Considers influence of unconscious mind
  • Resolves conflicts via psychotherapy
• Why is psychotherapy considered a strength of the psychodynamic approach?

  It helps identify the source of conflict
• What is a limitation of the psychodynamic approach?

  It lacks a scientific basis
• How does the psychodynamic approach rely on subjective interpretation?

  Feelings vary from therapist to therapist