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conservative vs semi conservative
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Cards (22)
What mechanism do scientists call DNA replication?
Semi-conservative
replication
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What happens to the DNA double helix during semi-conservative replication?
It separates into two
polynucleotide
strands
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What is produced at the end of semi-conservative replication?
Two
molecules of DNA from one
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What does each of the two copies of DNA contain after replication?
One
strand
from the original and one new strand
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What was one possibility for how DNA replicated?
Semi-conservative
replication
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What is the other possibility for DNA replication mentioned?
Conservative
replication
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What element do all bases in DNA contain?
Nitrogen
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What are the two main forms of nitrogen isotopes?
Nitrogen 14
and
nitrogen 15
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Which nitrogen isotope is more common?
Nitrogen
14
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How do nitrogen 15 atoms compare to nitrogen 14 atoms?
Nitrogen 15 atoms are slightly
heavier
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What did scientists do with the bacteria to study DNA replication?
They extracted the DNA and
centrifuged
it
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What does the position of the DNA band in the centrifuge indicate?
It depends on how
heavy
the DNA is
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Where did DNA containing light nitrogen form a bond in the centrifuge?
Near the
top
of the
tube
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Where did DNA containing heavy nitrogen form a bond?
Near the
bottom
of the tube
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What happened when bacteria grown on nitrogen 15 were transferred to nitrogen 14?
They produced
DNA
with one strand of each nitrogen
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What does the intermediate bond pattern indicate after one round of replication?
DNA contains one strand of
nitrogen 14
and one of
nitrogen 15
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What happens after the bacteria replicate one more time on nitrogen 14?
Another
bond
appears
near
the
top of the
tube
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How can the results differ if DNA replicates conservatively instead of semi-conservatively?
There would be no DNA with both
nitrogen
isotopes
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What would happen after one round of conservative replication?
One DNA molecule with
nitrogen 15
and one with
nitrogen 14
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What would happen after two rounds of conservative replication?
One DNA molecule with
nitrogen 15
and three with
nitrogen 14
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What are the key steps in the experiment to determine DNA replication type?
Grow bacteria in
nitrogen 14
.
Extract DNA and
centrifuge
.
Grow bacteria in
nitrogen 15
.
Extract DNA and centrifuge.
Transfer to nitrogen 14 and replicate once.
Extract DNA and centrifuge.
Analyze
bond patterns.
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What are the implications of the bond patterns observed in the experiment?
Indicates
semi-conservative
replication.
Shows presence of both
nitrogen isotopes
.
Confirms
original and new strand
combination.
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