3.4 Conservation of Energy

• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant
• Match the energy type with its definition:

  Kinetic Energy ↔️ Energy of motion

  Potential Energy ↔️ Stored energy
• Energy can be created or destroyed but not transformed.

  False
• Match the form of energy with its description:

  Thermal Energy ↔️ Random motion of atoms

  Electrical Energy ↔️ Flow of electric charge

  Chemical Energy ↔️ Stored in chemical bonds
• Sound energy is associated with the vibration of particles in a medium.


  True
• As kinetic energy increases, potential energy decreases, and vice versa.


  True
• The total mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant because it is simply transformed between kinetic and potential forms
• Kinetic energy and potential energy are the two main forms of mechanical energy.


  True
• What is mechanical energy the sum of?

  Kinetic and potential energy
• The formula for kinetic energy is K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}</latex>
• Give an example of potential energy.

  Stretched spring
• Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion
• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant
• Match the form of energy with its example and formula:

  Kinetic Energy ↔️ Moving car, $\frac{1}{2}mv^{2}$

  Potential Energy ↔️ Stretched spring, $\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$

  Thermal Energy ↔️ Warming food, $Q =$$mc\Delta T$

  Light Energy ↔️ Sunlight powering solar panels, $E =$$hf$
• The formula for gravitational potential energy is $U =$$mgh$
• Match the energy type with its example:

  Kinetic Energy ↔️ Moving car

  Gravitational Potential Energy ↔️ Raised object

  Elastic Potential Energy ↔️ Stretched spring
• As kinetic energy increases, potential energy decreases in a closed system.


  True
• What is the conservation of energy equation?

  $E_{total} =$$K +$$U$
• At the starting point of an object released from height $h$, the object has only potential energy.
• Steps to solve simple energy conservation problems

  1️⃣ Identify the initial and final states

  2️⃣ Apply the conservation of energy equation

  3️⃣ Substitute the known values

  4️⃣ Solve for the unknown variable
• Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, while potential energy is stored energy.

  True
• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of a closed system remains constant
• Steps involved in the transformation of energy in a closed system:

  1️⃣ Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy

  2️⃣ Total energy remains constant
• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy in a closed system remains constant
• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of a closed system remains constant
• Match the type of potential energy with an example:

  Gravitational Potential Energy ↔️ Raised object

  Elastic Potential Energy ↔️ Stretched spring
• Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy.

  True
• Kinetic energy is stored energy, while potential energy is the energy of motion.

  False
• The total mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant.


  True
• Give an example of kinetic energy.

  Moving car
• In an isolated system, the total mechanical energy is transformed between kinetic and potential forms.

  True
• What is potential energy the stored energy due to?

  Position or state
• What happens to the total energy of a closed system according to the Law of Conservation of Energy?

  Remains constant
• What two types of energy make up mechanical energy?

  Kinetic and potential energy
• Kinetic energy depends on mass and velocity.


  True
• What does the variable $g$ represent in physics?


  Gravity
• The Law of Conservation of Energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant
• What does the variable $K$ represent in the conservation of energy equation?


  Kinetic energy
• When an object falls from a height $h$, its total energy remains constant.


  True
• What is the total energy of an object released from height $h$ at its starting point?


  $E_{total} =$$mgh$