Eng11

• Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain categorizes thinking skills into higher order and lower order thinking skills
• Higher Order Thinking Skills: create, evaluate, analyze
• Include skills such as analysis, evaluation, and creation
• Lower Order Thinking Skills: apply, understand, remember
• Include skills such as remembering, understanding, and applying
• Critical Thinking involves a series of complex thought processes which allows you to make reasoned judgements, assess the way you think, and solve problems effectively.
• Non-critical Thinking happens when you simply accept the things you are told without examining them.
• Two proponents of Critical Thinking

  Benjamin Bloom and Lorin Anderson
• Benjamin Bloom

  • Born: 21 February 1913
  • Died: 13 September 1999
  • American educational psychologist
  • Published Bloom's

  Taxonomy of the Cognitive

  Domain in 1956
• Lorin Anderson

  • Born: 21 May 1945
  • Age: 72
  • Carolina Distinguished
  • Professor of Education at the University of South Carolina
  • Bloom's former student
• In 1956, Benjamin Bloom, an American educational psychologist, together with a team of educational psychologist, published the Bloom's Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain, which is a system that classifies the levels of thinking important in learning. It is composed of six levels which follow a successive pattern.
• is a system that classifies the levels of thinking important in learning. It is composed of six levels which follow a successive pattern.

  Bloom’s Taxonomy of the Cognitive Domain
• Patterns of Development logical arrangement of edits that help you follow ideas easily and understand a text better. it distinguishes the major and minor detail from minor ones and predict ideas.
• what are the 10 patterns of development ?

  1.Definition 2. Classification/Division 3. Exemplification 4. Description pattern 5. Narration/Chronology 6. Enumeration/Listing 7. Comparison and Contrast 8. Problem solution 9. Cause and effect 10. Persuasion
• Definition 


  explains the information through the use of illustration, examples, and descriptions. “What does it mean?”
• 2 varieties of definition

  1.Scientific Definition - defines concepts in the most factual way, used in scientific, proper, or real world facts. 2. Subjective Definition - defines the object in a more personal way and usually derived from author‘s own experience ps and opinions.
• Classification / Division


  Organizes ideas into categories or divisions. Used when classifying people, objects, events, things, places, and others.
• Exemplification presents the main idea in a general statement and then provides specific and concrete examples to expound on it. Provides examples and illustrations.

  Providing a series of examples – facts, specific cases, or instances - turns a general idea into a concrete one; this makes your argument both clearer and more persuasive to a reader.
• Description Pattern

  basically provides details on the idea by using either a sensory or spatial pattern. Through a sensory pattern, ideas are arranged based on one or all of the five senses while spatial pattern arranges ideas by location or physical space.

  
• Narration - most basic pattern of development.  It describes how, when, and where and event or occurrence actually happened. It also used to tell a story or focus on a set of related events. It can be

  based on personal experience or knowledge gained from reading or observation. Chronology governs a narration, which includes concrete detail, a point of view, and sometimes such elements as dialogue. Organizes ideas or events according to time
• Enumeration/Listing - listing of facts and events in no special order. Signal words : also, another, several, first.
• Comparison and Contrast-  organizes ideas on how events, places, people, things,and concepts are similar to or different from one another. 2 ways to arrange : ● Separately - describing one item first followed by the second item

  ● Side by side - involves discussing both items based on each point of

  comparison.
• Problem solution -organizes ideas into problems and proposed solutions. The problem section usually includes the what, who, when, where and how of the problem. The solution section then presents the major effects of the problem, the possible solutions to address it, and the steps in implementing the solutions.

  
• Cause and effect - organizes details based on the cause, the reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon.

  
• Persuasion - show a set of evidence leads to a logical conclusion or argument. This pattern presents the issue, the position, and the supporting evidence.

  
• Old version of bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain

  
• Qualities of a Critical Thinker. 1. Inquisitive, Investigator, Open minded,Evaluator
• They asks genuine questions that lead to a better understanding of things and events.

  Inquisitive
• does not settle for a superficial level of interpretation instead, they investigate and digs deeper.


  Investigator
• He/she does not necessarily mean looking for faults; it is rather about being open-minded to different ideas to arrive at a better judgement.


  Open minded
• Evaluator


  He she does not accept information until it is verified.
• Benefits of Critical Thinking

  1. It Encourages Curiosity

  2. It Enhances Creativity

  3. It Reinforces Problem-Solving Ability

  4. It's a Multi-Faceted Practice

  5. It Fosters Independence

  6. It's a Skill for Life