The Formula

• 3 basic methods to calculate dosage and its usage are :

  1. formula method (DAQ) -> for oral medication
  2. dimensional analysis -> to calculate milliequivalent (mEq)
  3. ratio-proportional method -> to calculate with similar measurements
• Formula method :

  Desired dosage (doctor's order)/Available doses (in stock) x quantity (this is what you are looking for)
• Dimensional analysis :

  the calculation is same as formula method, the difference is because dimensional analysis is used for calculating milliequivalent (mEq)
• ratio-proportional method :

  in stock dosage ratio :: doctor's ordered dosage ratio
• pharmacokinetics => the rate of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion process of medication
• 4 calculation methods for pediatric dosage and its base are :

  1. Clark's rule, based on a child's weight in lbs
  2. Young's rule, based on a child's age in year (maximum 2 years)
  3. Fried's rule, based on a child's age in months (maximum 12 months)
  4. Nomogram method, based on a child's body surface area (height & weight)
• what is the formula of Clark's Rule :

  child's weight in lbs / 150 x adult dose
• what is the formula of Young's rule :

  child's age in years/(child's age in years + 12) x adult dose
• what is the formula of fried's rule :

  child's age in months/150 x adult dose
• what is the formula of the nomogram method :

  child's BSA/1.73 m^2 x adult dose
• the most accurate way to calculate pediatric dosage is by using the nomogram method because it takes into account both height and weight.
• there are 2 types of administration in infusion :

  gravity administration vs pump administration
• what should we observe to the patient to decide if they need pump or gravity administration?

  the patient's health condition and factors (like age, etc)
• what is the drip rate formula?

  drip rate = (drop factor x volume (ml))/time (min)
• what is the flow rate formula?

  flow rate (ml/hrs) = volume (ml)/time (hrs)
• how do calculate the amount of drug by time?

  amount of drug received = dosage (mg) x asked time infused (min)/total ordered infused time (min)
• how do calculate the amount of drug by volume?

  amount of drug received = dosage (mg) x asked volume infused (ml)/total volume infused order (ml)