Treatment

• What is a transfemoral prosthesis?

  A prosthetic limb for above-knee amputations

  
• What is the goal of rehabilitation after a lower limb amputation?

  Walk successfully with use of prothesis

  Return to high level of social integration
• What is mirror therapy?

  Use of mirror to create a reflective illusion of an affected limb - trick brain into thinking movement has occurred without pain
• What is the process of an autologous reversed saphenous vein graft?

  Great saphenous vein used to replace any part of artery (from femoral to popliteal)

  Clip both ends & graft onto artery - blood can bypass damaged area of artery
• What does autologous mean?

  From same individual
• What is fracture reduction?

  Surgical procedure to restore a fracture or dislocation to correct alignment
• What is external fixation of bone?

  Bone is temporarily supported & stabilised from outside
• What is internal fixation?

  Stabilisation of reduced fracture by use of metal, screws, plates, wires, nails & pins
• What are the different types of material that can be used to create an arterial bypass?

  Autologous

  Human umbilical vein

  Prosthetic materials
• What is sometimes bonded to the inside of grafts in arterial bypass?

  Heparin
• What are desensitisation techniques (in amputation)?

  Exposure therapy

  Prepares skin around newly healing amputation site - massaging, tapping, rubbing skin with textured materials (start with smooth silk, builds to rougher fabric)
• What is the aim of the pneumatic post-amputation mobility device?

  Aid reduction of oedema

  Prepare residual limb for wearing prosthesis

  Allows re-education of postural reactions

  Balance & gait
• What is the pneumatic post amputation mobility aid?

  Fill bag with air

  Fits all amputations

  Helps with mobility around hospital until prosthetic

  Assesses ability to use artificial limb
• What is the aim of post-amputation stretching exercises?

  Increase ROM

  Increase strength

  Reduce pain

  Faster recovery
• What will you have prior to having a prosthetic fitted?

  Desensitisation exercises

  Strength building exercises in remaining limb
• Why aren't prosthetics always offered?

  Require long & intensive course of physiotherapy & rehabilitation

  Cosmetic limb can be offered - looks real but has no functional advantage
• What is a transtibial prosthesis?

  Artificial limb that replaces a leg missing below the knee

  Only 1 joint - most people will regain full/major movement

  
• In opioid-related constipation, what laxatives should be given?

  Stimulant laxatives
• What are analgesics?

  Pain relievers
• How are drugs administered?

  Interosseous (IO)

  Intravenous (IV)
• What is intraosseous drug administration?

  Placement of specialised hollow bore needle through cortex of a bone into medullary space

  
• What is intravenous drug administration?

  Cannula placed inside a vein