ENGLISH

• Multimodal texts combine verbal and non-verbal elements, or where meaning is communicated through combinations of two or more communication modes.
• Modes in communication include written language, spoken language, and patterns of meaning that are visual, audio, gestural, tactile and spatial.
• A mode is a classification of communication, for example, a newspaper is a simple multimodal text, a performance is a live multimodal text, and a digital multimodal text can be an interactive story or an animation.
• The language of design includes elements such as emphasis, repetition, contrast, layout, alignment, and proximity.
• Emphasis in design is the elements of an image that are most significant or pronounced.
• Repetition in design is the repeated pattern of the same or similar shapes or objects, which can also indicate an overall emphasis or theme.
• Contrast in design is the sharp differences between elements that are noticeable based on their relationship to each other.
• Layout in design is the organization of elements on a page, including texts, images, shapes, and overall composition.
• Alignment in design is the way that elements are aligned on a page, especially text which is aligned at left, right or center.
• Proximity in design is the relationship between objects in a space, particularly how close they are to each other.
• Proximity in design can indicate a relationship between objects.
• Verbal communication refers to communication that makes use of language in expressing ideas or emotions.
• Communicators utilize speech to express or communicate what they wish to say or communicate.
• Although spoken communication is frequently thought of when the phrase "verbal communication" is used, written communication is also a form of verbal communication.
• Nonverbal communication refers to communication that does not make use of language to communicate.
• Nonverbal communication involves body language, gestures, appearance, and silence.
• There are types of nonverbal communication, namely proxemics, kinesics, chronemics, and haptics.
• Proxemics refers to the signs and signals we convey to others using our personal and social space.
• Proxemics determines intimacy between people, but this is not the case if you are on a train full of people.
• Kinesics refers to the use of body parts, such as hands, arms, body, and face movements, in communicating ideas or emotions.
• Kinesics determines a great deal of meaning through body movement, but communication through body language might be interpreted differently in different settings and cultures, so be cautious.
• Chronemics looks at how people use time.
• Chronemics enables us to comprehend how people conceptualize and organize time in their interactions and interpersonal relationships.
• Haptics refers to the use of the sense of touch in communication.
• Haptics is a type of nonverbal communication in which people communicate through touch.
• In interpersonal interactions, haptics play a key role in expressing physical intimacy, but similar to kinesics, communication through touch might be interpreted differently in different settings and cultures, so be cautious.
• Paralanguage is the technical term for the voice cues that accompany spoken words.
• In order for a speech presentation to be effective, it should be prepared adequately and delivered well.
• Preparation and delivery are two main elements that affect a speech presentation.
• Articulation in speech delivery involves both the utterance of words or pronunciation, and the clarity of speech sounds or enunciation.
• Ways to establish rapport with the audience include maintaining eye contact, speaking naturally, and relating with the audience.
• Stage presence in speech delivery refers to the ability to command the attention of the audience.
• Preparation in a speech presentation involves the statement of facts, arguments, and appeal to action.
• Ethics is the discipline that deals with issues of good and bad, right and wrong, just and unjust.
• Public speaking is the process of communicating information to an audience.
• Types of speech delivery include extemporaneous speech and impromptu speech.
• The benefits of knowing how to communicate to an audience include sharpening critical thinking and verbal/nonverbal communication skills.
• Building rapport with the audience means establishing a friendly, harmonious relationship with the audience by engaging and connecting with them.
• Ceremonial speaking includes speeches of introduction, speeches of presentation, speeches of acceptance, speeches of dedication, toasts, and eulogies.
• Feedback and interference are elements that can occur in public speaking.