evaluation

• supporting evidence = taylor and novaco = 6 meta analysis = 75 percent improvement rate = landberger and lipsey = reviewed 58 studies of cbt with offenders = 20 used anger management = significant relation to improvement of behavior = effective in reducing anger
• rejecting evidence = howells = 5 meta analysis = only moderate improvements with one study = not effective or reliable and inconsistencies in effectiveness
• not effective for everyone = some offenders dont like to reflect on their thinking = may drop out = or cause may be biological = ineffective eg MAOA variation gene = not an effective cure for all aggressive crimes
• benefits to prison = both staff and prisoners = reduce aggression and violence = feel safe and save money
• benefit to economy = cost of reoffending is 9.5 billion a year = anger management can help reduce this eg. lower hostile attribution bias = less chance to reoffend = also helps contribute to society eg. working and tax
• unethical = cause harm = anecdotal evidence = women may be physically harmed = reports of anxiety and depression after = inappropriate way to modify for females - but based on empirical evidence
• lack of voluntary consent = many cases its a requirement = implicit coercion