biological molecules

• What are the basic components of fats?

  Fatty acids and glycerol
• What does a positive emulsion test for fats indicate?

  It turns milky
• What elements do fats contain?

  Oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen
• What enzyme is responsible for fat digestion?

  Lipase
• What are the functions of fats in the body?

  Insulation, protection, energy, waterproofing
• What structure allows the absorption of fats in the intestine?

  Lacteals in the villi
• What are proteins made of?

  Amino acids
• What enzyme is trypsin and where is it made?

  Made in pancreas
• What enzyme is pepsin and where is it released?

  Released in stomach
• What does a positive Biuret test indicate?

  Mauve color
• What elements do proteins contain?

  Nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, sulfur
• What is the structure of DNA?

  Double helix
• What is the composition of each DNA strand?

  Sugar backbone with bases attached
• What are reducing sugars stored as in the liver?

  Glycogen
• What test is used to identify glucose?

  Benedict's test
• What color change indicates the presence of Vitamin C in the DCPIP test?

  Turns blue to colorless
• What deficiency is caused by a lack of Vitamin C?

  Scurvy
• What test is used to identify starch?

  Iodine test
• What color indicates a positive iodine test for starch?

  Purple
• What are the relationships between large and small biological molecules?

  • Large molecules are made from smaller molecules
  • Starch, glycogen, cellulose are made from starch
  • Proteins are made from amino acids
  • Fats and oils are made from fatty acids and glycerol