Gen bio

• The hydrolysis of ATP to ADP is reversible.
• ATP and ADP are like charged and uncharged forms of a rechargeable battery.
• ATP has energy that can be used to power cellular processes or reactions.
• ADP needs to be recharged in order to be used as a power source.
• The ATP regeneration reaction is the reverse of the hydrolysis reaction.
• When ATP is broken down, energy is released and ADP is formed.
• Pigments in plants determine variations in color and can absorb light in specific regions of the spectrum.
• Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
• Chlorophyll a is the core pigment that absorbs sunlight for light-dependent photosynthesis.
• Other pigments, such as chlorophyll b, xanthophyll, carotene, and anthocyanins, contribute to the overall color of plants.
• Energy coupling is the transfer of energy from one chemical reaction to another.
• When ADP binds with another phosphate group, energy is stored and ATP is formed.
• The hydrolysis of ATP results in the release of energy, which can be used to power cellular functions.
• Energy coupling is the transfer of energy from one chemical reaction to another.
• An energetically favorable reaction (exergonic) is directly linked with an energetically unfavorable reaction (endergonic) through energy coupling.
• Chemical reactions can be classified as exergonic (energy outward) or endergonic (energy inward).
• One example of energy coupling involving ATP is the formation of sucrose from glucose and fructose.
• Glucose and fructose combine to form sucrose in an uncoupled reaction.
• In a coupled reaction, a phosphate group is transferred from ATP to glucose, forming a phosphorylated glucose intermediate.
• The glucose-P intermediate reacts with fructose to form sucrose.
• The ribose of ATP is the key to its ability to store and supply energy.
• ATP releases energy when it breaks bonds between its phosphate groups.
• Endergonic reactions absorb energy from the surroundings, while exergonic reactions release energy.