mock improvements

• Transition towns are a grassroots movement aiming to build resilient communities through sustainable living practices such as reducing packaging and consumption. Totnes was Britain's first transition town, it promotes local agriculture, renewable energy and reducing dependency on fossil fuels. Transition towns are a model for self-sufficiency and reducing the carbon footprint that comes with global supply chains. They meet local needs through local production, such as purchasing from local growers. However, locally produced vegetables may actually be more environmentally damaging
• Globalisation is the increase interconnectedness between countries and their economies and cultures, this has created losers for the physical environments. As the reach of global markets extend, local communities have responded with various approaches to mitigate the environmental consequences.
• Due to the global shift of manufacturing, in developed countries former industrial locations have been derelict and are expensive to clean and re-use, thus often ignored by governments. Local communities tend to take initiative, encouraged by local pressure groups. Instead of these derelict areas becoming a dump for rubbish and hazardous waste, contaminating the soil and groundwater, communities transform this land into green spaces. However, there are potential challenges such as displacing local ecosystems which could disrupt the food chain, thus reduce biodiversity.
• TNCs are companies which operate in more than one country, they are at the core of globalisation. They are both agents of economic growth and contributors of social and environmental challenges. TNCs play a pivotal role in the economy- around 80% of trade is linked by TNCs.
• TNCs tend to be attracted to country's with a cheap labour workforce or with a market within a tariff-free trade bloc, which both allow TNCs to maximise their profits.

  They often develop supply chains that extend over multiple countries, connecting them via flows of commodities, capital and labour.

  This brings economic growth to the host country of the TNC, a prime example is Mumbai, India where TNCs have established several call centres, creating a vast number of jobs and thus contributing to the country's economic development.