group 1 save my exams p2

• How are elements arranged on the Periodic table?

  In order of increasing atomic number
• What does the period number indicate about an atom?

  It indicates the number of electron shells
• How many electron shells do elements in period 3 have?

  3 electron shells
• What does the group number tell you about an atom?

  It tells how many outer electrons it has
• How many electrons do group 6 elements have in their outer shell?

  6 electrons
• Why are elements with the same number of outer electrons placed in the same group?

  They have similar chemical properties
• How does the periodic table help predict properties of elements?

  Based on their position and electronic configurations
• Which groups are specifically mentioned as classified in the periodic table?

  Groups 1, 7, and 0
• Where are alkali metals located on the periodic table?

  In the first group on the far left
• What are some characteristic physical properties of alkali metals?

  They are soft, low density, and low melting points
• Why are alkali metals very reactive?

  They need to lose one electron to stabilize
• What do group 1 metals form when they react with water?

  Alkaline solutions
• Name the group 1 metals.

  Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, francium

  
• What is the general reaction pattern of group 1 metals with water?

  Group 1 metal + water ⟶ metal hydroxide + hydrogen
• What is the general formula for the hydroxides formed by group 1 metals?

  They are colorless, aqueous solutions
• Why are alkali metals named so?

  Because they form alkalis in water
• Which alkali metal reacts vigorously with cold water?

  Sodium
• What are trends in Group 1 metals?

  Patterns of behavior in physical or chemical properties
• How does the reactivity of alkali metals change down the group?

  It increases as you go down the group
• What happens to the outermost electron as you go down group 1?

  It gets further away from the nucleus
• Why is less energy required to lose the outer electron as you descend group 1?

  The forces of attraction become weaker
• What do the electron shell diagrams of alkali metals show?

  They have 1 electron in their outer shell
• What are the physical properties of group 1 metals?

  • Soft metals easily cut with a knife
  • Low densities
  • Low melting points
  • Very reactive
• What predictions can be made about rubidium based on trends in group 1?

  • Soft grey solid
  • Shiny when freshly cut
  • More dense than potassium (> 0.86 g cm$^{-3}$)
  • Lower melting point than potassium (< 63.5 °C)
• What is the general reaction of alkali metals with water?

  • Produces metal hydroxide
  • Releases hydrogen gas
  • Forms alkaline solutions

  
• What is the trend of reactivity in group 1 metals?

  • Reactivity increases down the group
  • Lithium is least reactive
  • Francium is most reactive
• What happens to the outer electron as you go down group 1?

  • It gets further from the nucleus
  • Weaker attraction to the nucleus
  • Easier to lose the outer electron