GENERAL SCIENCE

• Science is a systematic study that is concerned with facts and principles, and methods that could be observed in our natural or physical and social environment.
• Science comes from the Latin word 'scire' that means 'to know’.
• Science is both a body of knowledge and a process – a way of thinking, a way of solving problems.
• The Physical Sciences include Physics, which studies matter and energy and their interactions, and Chemistry, which studies the composition, properties, reactions, and structure of matter.
• Astronomy is the study of the universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere.
• The Earth Sciences include Geology, which studies the origin, history, and structure of the Earth, and Oceanography, which explores and studies the ocean.
• A satellite discovered in 2001 was named Trinculo.
• Five new Neptunian moons were discovered in 2002 and 2003.
• The surface temperature of Triton is -390°F, making it the coldest object in the solar system.
• Triton is covered with a frosty crust, where active volcanoes shoot crystals of nitrogen that look like geysers.
• Stephano, Prospero, and Setebos were introduced in 1999.
• Neptune has 13 moons, with Triton being the largest.
• Paleontology is the science of the forms of life that existed in prehistoric or geologic periods.
• Meteorology is the science that deals with the atmosphere and its phenomena, such as weather and climate.
• The unit factor method is a systematic technique for solving numerical problems.
• Isaac Newton recognized the role of Galileo and others in his formulation the Laws of Motion.
• Metric prefixes are pretty easy to understand and very handy for metric conversions.
• Technology is classified into three kinds: machines, products, and processes.
• Technology is defined as the application of scientific knowledge to practical purposes.
• Johannes Kepler changed his notion about the popular belief during his time that the planets moved along perfect circles to a more accurate information that these follow elliptical orbits.
• Albert Einstein did not just depend on established facts and accepted beliefs during his days, but used these to develop his own theory in a different perspective.
• The International System (SI) of Measurement is the system of units that scientists have agreed upon and is legally enforced in almost all parts of the world.
• The International System (SI) has seven basic quantities: Length, Mass, Time, Electric current, Temperature, Amount of substance, and Luminous intensity/light.
• The degree of measurements is affected by the ability to use the measuring instruments properly and the precision of the instrument.
• Marie Curie and her husband Pierre had to work on several thousand kilograms of uranium ore to strain a tenth of a gram of pure uranium.
• John Dalton used experimental evidences to support his atomic theory.
• The Life Sciences, also known as Biology, include Botany, the study of plants, Zoology, the science that covers animals and animal life, Genetics, the study of heredity, and Medicine, the science of diagnosing, treating, and preventing illness, disease, and injury.
• Some tectonic plates slide past each other gently, but others can cause a heavy pressure on the rocks, so they finally crack and slide past each other.
• The biggest earthquakes are set off by the movement of tectonic plates.
• Some volcanoes are just cracks in the earth's crusts.
• An Earthquake is the shaking of the ground caused by sudden movements in the earth's crust.
• Earthquakes are classified according to the depth of the focus.
• Magma is molten rock that occurs by partial melting of the crust and the mantle by high temperatures deep down in the ground.
• A Volcano is a gap in the earth where molten rock and other materials come to the earth's surface.
• 43-186 miles (70-300 km) below ground: intermediate earthquakes
• There are different types of volcanoes, including shield volcanoes, dome volcanoes, ash-cinder volcanoes, composite volcanoes, and caldera volcanoes.
• 0-43 miles (0-70 km) below ground: shallow earthquakes
• Deeper than 186 miles (300 km) below ground: deep earthquakes
• By this, vibrations or shock waves are caused, which go through the ground.
• Others are weak places in the earth's crust, which occur on places where magma bubbles up through the crust and comes to the earth's surface.