sedimentary rocks

• Sediments are formed from the weathering, erosion, transportation, deposition, and compaction/cementation of rock fragments.
• Chemical sediments form when dissolved minerals precipitate out of water to create new mineral grains.
• Clastic sediments consist of solid particles that have been broken down by physical processes such as weathering or erosion.
• Weathering is the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces due to physical or chemical processes.
• Organic sediments include fossils, shells, bones, and other organic matter that accumulate over time.
• Transportation refers to the movement of sediments through air, water, or ice.
• Clastic sediments consist of broken pieces of pre-existing rocks or minerals.
• Organic sediments include fossils, shells, bones, and other organic matter.
• Transportation refers to the movement of sediment from its source area to another location.
• The three main types of clastic sediments are sandstone (grain size between 0.25 mm and 1 cm), siltstone (between 0.063 mm and 0.25 mm), and mudrock (less than 0.063 mm).
• Erosion is the process of removing material from one place through wind, water, ice, or gravity.
• Deposition occurs when sediment settles at a lower elevation than where it was transported.
• Erosion occurs when wind, water, ice, or gravity removes material from one location and transports it to another.
• The three main types of sedimentary rocks are clastic, chemical, and organic.
• Compaction involves the squeezing together of sediments under pressure, leading to their consolidation into solid rock.
• Deposition involves the settling of sediment at its final destination.
• Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and lithification (compaction) of sediments.
• Mudrocks can be further classified into shale (fine-grained clay) and mudstone (coarser-grained clay with some silt).
• Transportation refers to the movement of sediment through various agents like air, water, glaciers, etc.
• Deposition occurs when sediments settle out of suspension and accumulate on the ground surface.
• Cementation is the process whereby minerals fill spaces between sediment grains, binding them together and forming solid rock.
• Chemical sediments are formed from dissolved materials that precipitate out of solution.
• Lithification occurs when sediments become compacted and cemented together, forming rock.
• Deposition occurs when sediment settles out of suspension and forms layers on the Earth's surface.
• The three main types of sedimentary rock textures are clastic, bioclastic, and chemically precipitated.
• Sedimentary rocks can be classified based on their texture (grain size) and composition (mineral content).
• Cementation is the process by which mineral cement fills spaces between sediment grains, binding them together and forming solid rock.
• Compaction involves the squeezing together of sediment grains under pressure, resulting in increased density and reduced porosity.
• Sedimentary rocks can be classified based on their texture as either clastic, chemical, or biogenic/organic.
• Chemical sediments form when dissolved substances precipitate out of solution.
• Deposition occurs when eroded materials settle out of suspension due to changes in flow velocity or energy.
• Biogenic/organic sediments result from the accumulation of biological materials such as skeletons, shells, and feces.
• Sandstones can be classified based on their texture as either well sorted or poorly sorted.
• Sedimentary rocks can be classified based on their texture as either clastic, chemical, biochemical, or organic.
• Sedimentary rocks are usually classified as clastic and non-clastic, respectively.
• In nature, sedimentary rocks may exhibit both clastic and non-clastic properties.
• Sediments and sedimentary rocks hold valuable information that is useful in the disciplines of historical geology, paleontology, and paleoclimatology, among others.
• Sedimentary rocks are also host to important mineral and energy resources.
• Oil and natural gas require a viable source rock rich in organic matter, and is usually hosted in permeable sedimentary rocks such as sandstones and limestones.
• Sediment-laden water, which is heavier than the surrounding water, sinks along submarine canyons.