HA PART 1

• The Nursing Process is a systematic, rational method of planning and providing individualized nursing care.
• The purpose of the Nursing Process is to identify a client's health status and actual or potential health care problems or needs, establish plans to meet the identified needs, and deliver specific nursing interventions to meet those needs.
• The client in the Nursing Process may be an individual, family, community, group, or a combination of these.
• The Nursing Process is cyclical, its components follow a logical sequence, but more than one component may be involved at one time.
• At the end of the first cycle of the Nursing Process, care may be terminated if goals are achieved, or the cycle may continue with re-assessment, or the plan of care may be modified.
• The Nursing Process is a systematic problem-solving approach used to identify, prevent, and treat actual or potential health problems and promote wellness.
• The Nursing Process is a systematic way to plan, implement, and evaluate care for individuals, families, groups and communities.
• Activity & Exercise Pattern is an assessment focused on the activities of daily living including self-care activities, exercise & leisure activities.
• Nutritional Metabolic Pattern is an assessment focused on the pattern of food and fluid consumption relative to the metabolic need and pattern indicators of nutrient supply.
• Cognition & Perception Pattern is focused on the ability to comprehend and use of information on the sensory functions.
• Roles & Relationship Pattern is focused on the person's roles in the world & relationships with others.
• Sexuality & Reproductive Pattern is an assessment focused on the person's satisfaction or dissatisfaction with sexuality patterns & reproductive functions.
• Elimation Pattern is data collection focused on the excretory patterns (bowel, bladder, skin).
• Self-Perception & Self-Concept Pattern is focused on the person's attitudes towards self-identity, body image & sense of self-worth.
• Pericardial Effusion is a fluid buildup in the heart.
• Sleep & Rest Pattern is focused on the person's sleep, rest & relaxation practices.
• The term Nursing Process was originated by Lydia Hall in 1955, and Dorothy Johnson in 1959, Ida Jean Orlando in 1961 and Ernestine Wiedenbach in 1963.
• These theorists were among the first to use the Nursing Process and refer to a series of phases describing the practice of nursing.
• Since then, various nurses have described the process of nursing and organized the phases in different ways.
• Nursing interventions are any treatment based upon clinical judgment & knowledge, that a nurse performs to enhance patient/client outcomes.
• Components of nursing diagnosis include diagnosis & definition, related factors, and defining characteristics.
• Nursing diagnosis involves human responses which vary greatly from one person to the others.
• A formal nursing care plan is a written guide that organizes information about the client`s care.
• An informal nursing care plan is a strategy for actions that exists in the nurse`s mind.
• Types of planning include initial planning, ongoing planning, and discharge planning.
• In planning, the nurse refers to the client`s assessment data & diagnostics statements for direction in formulating client goals & designing the nursing interventions required, to prevent, reduce or eliminate the client`s health problems.
• The most obvious benefit for a formal written care plan is that it provides for a continuity of care.
• The end product of the planning phase of the nursing process is a “formal or informal” plan of care.
• Nurses use nursing diagnosis rather than collaborative problems since nursing diagnosis are more individualized to a specific client & emphasize human responses to which the nurse can independently take actions.
• In nursing, planning is a deliberative, systematic way of the nursing process that involves decision making & problem-solving.
• The most current SCOPE AND STANDARDS OF NURSING PRACTICE includes SIX (6) PHASES OF NURSING PRACTICE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Outcome identification, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation.
• Vital signs are measured to establish a baseline data to compare measurements and to detect actual & potential health problems.
• Appearance and mental status are assessed by observing signs of distress in posture or facial expression, body build, height & weight in relation to the client`s age, lifestyle & health, client`s posture & gait, standing, sitting & walking, overall hygiene & grooming, and noting obvious signs of health or illness.
• The following vital signs are: Temperature, Pulse Rate, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and Oxygen Saturation.
• 1 kilogram is equal to 2.2 lbs.
• Mental status refers to the client`s cognitive functioning (thinking, knowledge, problem solving) and emotional functioning (feelings, mood, behaviors, stability).
• Mental status assessment also includes observing the client`s attitude (frame of mind) and noting the client`s affect or mood; assessing the appropriateness of the client`s responses.
• Mental health, as defined by WHO, is a state of well-being in which an individual realizes his/her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively & able to make contribution to his or her community.
• Factors affecting mental health include economic & social factors, unhealthy lifestyle choices, exposure to violence, personal factors, and spiritual factors.
• Mental health is an essential part of one`s total health & is more than just the absence of mental disabilities or disorders.