Intro to architecture 2

• art- the expression or application of human creative skill and imagination, typically in a visual form such as painting or sculpture, producing works to be appreciated primarily for their beauty or emotional power
• architecture is an art that involves designing buildings
• Zaha Hadid - Architecture is unnecessarily difficult, it's very tough
• Mies van der Rohe- architecture is the real battleground of the spirit
• Johanna Hurme - Architecture is a profession of optimism
• Architecture is Useful for the Human being living , inhabitation
• Space is specific in architecture
• Architecture is about space
• Architecture is about function
• Architecture is the result of an individual creation , but in its building process is transformed into collective work
• Architect: artist and technician
• music is an art form similar to architecture through its plans. Architecture uses plants and sketches and music uses sheets. Neither plants nor sheets are art yet, but they could both become art, and different art depending on their interpreter. They both use space, architecture to make places , music to fill them
• Tasks: Planning Territories; planning and programming cities landscape, parks and gardens(open spaces); designing and constructing buildings designing details
• Types of architectural projects: new plant , refurbishment, adaptation
• other tasks: reading and interpreting history; research about shapes, techniques, materials, elaborating theories about architecture; teaching; expert works
• Senses in architecture: sights- direct ; smell-material ,contents; taste-useless; touch- textures, disabled aides; hearing- acoustics, spaces
• Perception - intuitive
• Psychological connotations of shapes: circle- completeness, continuity, movement; square: stability, order, strength; triangle-unsteadiness, aggretion
• Meanings of shape: Shape can represent the order in the architectural work, describing its forms; qualitative concepts designate the subjective experiences of the observer of the work(heavy, light, movement, rhythm)
• Louis Khan: Structural Rationalism of Labrouste and Viollet Le Duc; Beaux-Arts ; Composition Method of Durand; Basic Geometrical Shapes- his formalism relies on the basic shape and their composition and layering
• Aspund- library in Stockholm
• Asplund: Shape- square and circle; Idea: Big Egyptian-style door making one seem small without the knowledge, stair ascension towards the light( of knowledge)
• Asplund Library was designed by Gunnar Asplund
• Patheon of Adrian: Shape- Sphere in the middle of the structure, triangle, rectangle; Idea- Light comes from the top of the building(light of God descending upon one), spherical volume gives a feeling of wholeness
• Assembly in Bangladesh by Louis Khan
• Assembly in Bangladesh: Shape - balanced and symmetrical on a few axes, uses basic simple shapes( triangle , circle , square)
• Villa Rotonda or Capra: Shape- Addition of small squares on a big square, circle ; Ideas: Stairs lift you above the ground, all entrances lead to the communal space, energies connect into the centre and into the dome
• Villa Capra by Andrea Palladio
• Casa del Fascio by Terragni
• Casa del Fascio: Shapes- squared, balanced and unsymmetrical; Idea: Façade is not smooth, instead it lets light in
• Orphanage in Amsterdam by Van Eyck
• Orphanage in Amsterdam: Grid- square grid filled with many patios and little yards; Ideas: children love patios, a whole with enough privacy in each section
• Functionalism: the theory that the design of an object should be determined by its function rather than by aesthetic considerations, and that anything practically designed will be inherently beautiful.
• The Bauhaus school was founded in Germany in 1919
• Bauhaus School: The idea behind this school was to combine art and technology into one discipline. It aimed at creating functional designs which were also aesthetically pleasing. This approach became known as Functionalism.
• Walter Gropius (founder) believed that artists and craftspeople could work together to create new forms of expression through industrial production methods.
• Bauhaus School: The idea behind this school was to combine art and technology into one discipline, which would then produce functional objects that were also aesthetically pleasing.
• Walter Gropius (founder) believed that artists could create better buildings if they learned about engineering and construction techniques. He wanted his students to understand how their work would actually be built.
• Gropius's first building project was the Fagus Factory in Alfeld, Germany. Here he used steel frames to support glass walls, allowing natural light to flood inside. The factory had no ornamentation - everything was stripped down to its essential form.
• Gropius wanted his students to understand how materials worked so they would know what was possible when designing buildings or other objects.