Cognitive Treatments

• CBT

  • identify irrational thoughts and change them to rational one
  • cognitive elements - identifying and challenging irrational thoughts
  • behavioural elements - coping strategies are developed with the hope of a change in behaviour
  • done with regular planned sessions
  • lasts for 45 minutes - 1 hour
  • mild - 8-12 sessions, moderate 8-16 sessions, sever 16+, chronic 16+ and booster sessions for up to 2 years
• Ellis's Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT)

  • based on the ABC model
  • Dispute irrational thoughts - logically, empirically and pragmatically
  • Effects of disputing and having an effective attitude
  • Feelings - the new emotions that are produced
  • Homework - asked to complete assignments between lessons to put new beliefs into practice
  • Behavioural activation - encourage patients to become more active and engage in activities
  • Unconditional positive regard - value the patient
• What percentage of depressed patients improved after 36 weeks of CBT?

  81%
• What percentage of patients treated with medication improved after 36 weeks?

  81%
• What percentage of patients improved when treated with a combination of CBT and medication?

  86%
• What is a potential risk of CBT according to the evaluation?

  Overlooking the client's living circumstances
• Who found that CBT is less suitable for those in highly stressful situations?

  Simons
• What can prevent severely depressed patients from engaging with CBT?

  Lack of motivation to do cognitive work
• How many adult volunteers did Babyak study in 2000?

  156
• What were the three treatment groups in Babyak's study?

  Aerobic exercise, drug treatment, combination
• What was the duration of the treatment in Babyak's study?

  4 months
• What was a significant finding regarding relapse rates in Babyak's study?

  Exercise groups had lower relapse rates
• What were the overall results of the treatments in Babyak's study?

  • All three groups exhibited significant improvements
  • Exercise groups had significantly lower relapse rates