pre reading questions

• state the units of a carbohydrate = simple sugars
• state the enzyme that digests starch = amylase
• describe how to test for the presence of starch= use iodine solution, if starch is present, iodine will turn blue black
• describe how to test for the presence of glucose = add benedicts reagent to sample and heat
• describe the use of starch = food storage, energy source, structural component for plants
• describe the use of glycogen = storage of glucose in animals
• describe the negative feedback mechanism of glycogen, glucose, insulin, glucagon, the liver and the pancreas = if the blood pressure level is too low, the pancreas would produce hormones called glucagons which would travel to the liver in the blood and then the break down of glycogen into glucose then glucose would enter the blood stream and increases the glucose level until the blood pressure level gets too high and it would release insulin to decrease the sugar levels again and then repeat
• define carbohydrate = compound containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms with the general formula Cn(H2O)n
• define monosaccharide = simple sugar, cannot be broken down into simpler sugars by hydrolysis
• define polysaccharides = many monosaccharides joined together by condensation reactions
• state the subunits of lipids = glycerol, fatty acids, phospholipids
• state the enzyme that digests lipids = lipase
• describe the test for the presence of proteins = add biuret solution to sample, if present, blue ppt will form
• state the subunits of a protein= amino acids, polypeptide, protein
• state the enzyme that digests proteins =protease
• define RNA = ribonucleic acid
• define DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid
• describe the test for proteins= add biuret solution to sample, if present, blue ppt will form
• organelle that synthesises proteins= ribosomes