Brain

• The brain is enclosed within the cranium, with three protective membranes called meninges, they provide oxygen and nutrients. b/w the layers there is a fluid called the cerebrospinal fluid which prevent from shock. Ventricles are continuous with the central canal of spinal cord filled with CSF
• 1. FOREBRAIN: the anterior part of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus. it controls all voluntary actions and various sensations
• 𝐂𝐞𝐫𝐞𝐛𝐫𝐮𝐦: it is divided into two cerebral hemispheres

  • FRONTAL LOBE: skeletal movement + speech
• • PARIETAL LOBE: processing of sensory information and stimuli + awareness of body position
• • TEMPORAL LOBE: processing of auditory information + smell
• OCCIPITAL LOBE: visual processing
• The right and left hemispheres control opposite sides of the body and are connected by a bundle of nerves called 'corpus callosum'
• 𝗧𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗺𝘂𝘀: Is below the cerebrum, it processes all sensory info from body and passes it. it is also involved in pain reception and consciousness
• 𝗛𝘆𝗽𝗼𝘁𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗺𝘂𝘀: lies below the thalamus. It regulates body temperature, appetite, water balance, BP, mood, etc. it links the nervous and the endocrine system by the pituitary gland
• Spinal Cord transmits impulses between CNS and PNS
• 2. MIDBRAIN: It is a mass of tract below the cerebrum. It receives sensory information and sends it to appropriate part of the brain. It also controls auditory reflexes + posture
• 3. HINDBRAIN:

  • Cerebellum: 2nd largest part of the brain. Balance + muscle control
  • Medulla Obloganta: controls involuntary actions; heartbeat + blood pressure + respiration. Coughing + sneezing + vomit, etc
  • Pons: assists medulla in breathing
• Labelling of the brain