EMTECH W1: Information and Communication Technology

• Information and Communication Technology is an umbrella term which covers any communication devices, applications, and systems that people use to interact and connect with others.
• Web is an interconnected system of public web pages (hyperlinks) accessible through the use of Internet.
• Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks

  that uses the Internet protocol suite

  (TCP/IP) to communicate between

  networks and devices.
• The 3 current state of ICT are web 1.0, web 2.0, and web 3.0.
• Web 1.0 is the first stage of World Wide Web evolution. It is flat and stationary page since it cannot be manipulated

  by user.
• Web 2.0 - It allows users to interact with the page and the user may be able to comment or create a user account.
• The 6 features of web 2.0 are: folksonomy, rich user experience, user participation, long tail service, software as a service, and mass participation.
• Folksonomy – It is a term from the blended words “folks” and “taxonomy”. This feature allows user to categorize and classify/arrange information (ex.:hashtag like #NewNormal).
• Rich User Experience – This feature deals with how a site uses user information for a personalized content (ex.:blog/vlog, social

  media accounts, et cetera).
• User Participation – This means that those who view the website can also put their own information (ex.: the comment section and/or the reaction button of Facebook).
• Long Tail Services – These services offer services on demand as opposed to a one-time purchase (ex.: the Netflix user must pay the

  monthly subscription fee to enjoy binge-watching).
• Software as a Service – It contains how users would subscribe

  to a software as opposed to purchasing them.
• Mass Participation - This feature deals with diverse information sharing through universal web access.
• Web 3.0 - It provides a framework that allows data to be shared reuse and to deliver web content specifically targeting the user.
• Digital citizenship is the way we think, act and be online.
• There's a certain set of standards that we must follow when we're online and that's called netiquette. This term created by compounding "net" and "etiquette".
• One of the threats that you must avoid is the malware. This term came from the blended words “malicious” and “software”. Internet users usually acquired this threat through online.
• The 5 types of malware are: virus, worm, trojan, spyware, and adware.
• Virus – It is malicious program that

  usually transfer from one device to another with the aid of the Internet and local networks, but commonly through data storage such as flash drives or hard drive.
• Worm – Unlike the virus, this malware replicates itself and can transfer by any type of means, but more often through computer network. When the victim opens the attachment, an e-mail entitled LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU, the malware automatically send itself to all the victim’s Microsoft Outlook contacts.
• Trojan – Tracing its name origin, it can be link to the mythology story about how Trojan fell because of Greeks’ wooden horse (Hamilton 1942, 206). Like the Odysseus’ strategy, this malicious program disguised as a useful program, however left your devices unprotected and became vulnerable to other malwares once you accessed or downloaded it.
• Spyware – a malicious program that monitors the device, and the actions of the user without its knowledge. Another example, the keylogger steals sensitive information using the recorded user’s keystrokes.
• Adware – this program automatically sends pop-ups advertisements.
• ILLEGAL ACTS DONE USING INTERNET INCLUDE: Hacking, sports betting, non-delivery of merchandise, electronic harassment, child pornography, prostitution, and copyright infringement
• Hacking – it is unauthorized accessing of data from a computer network.
• Sport Betting – it is an illegal act of gambling on any sports event that happened over the Internet.
• Non-Delivery of Merchandise – a deceiving act which the culprit posted a product or service on the Internet.
• Electronic Harassment – an anonymous criminal who harass,

  abuse, threat, or annoy other people.
• Child Pornography – an act of real or simulated explicit sexual activities that involves any child aged 18 and below and it is penalized depending on the offender.
• Prostitution – it is an illegal act engage in any sexual activities.
• Copyright Infringement – it is an unauthorized use or stealing of intellectual property, such as movies and music, for profitable benefit.