Types of Memory

• What symptoms did patient Henry Molaison display?


  He could remember things he heard only a few seconds or minutes ago, but minutes later he had forgotten everything he had heard.
• What is Memory Capacity?

  Memory capacity refers to how much information can be stored.
• What is Memory Duration?

  Memory duration refers to how long information can be stored.
• What is it meant by Memory Coding?

  Memory coding is the format which information is stored in.
• What is Sensory Coding?

  Sensory coding is a type of code which we use to store sensory information.
• What is Visual Coding?

  Visual coding is a type of sensory code which we use to store information about images.
• What is Acoustic Coding?

  Acoustic coding is a type of sensory code which we use to store information about sound.
• What is Semantic Coding?

  Semantic coding is the type of code which we use to store information about its meaning.
• What is the Sensory Register?

  The sensory register is a temporary memory store that holds sensory information while we process it.
• What is the capacity of the Sensory Register?

  Large
• Whats the duration of the Sensory Register?

  very short duration of 1-2 seconds.
• What code is used in the Sensory Register?

  Sensory code
• Which researcher investigated the capacity and duration of the sensory register?

  Sperling - square of letters, briefly flashed on the screen
• What is it meant by Short-term Memory?

  Short-term memory is the store we use for a short period of time while we need it to complete an ongoing task.
• What is the capacity of Short-term memory?


  Limited: 7 + or - 2 items
• What is the duration of short-term memory?

  Limited to around 18-30 seconds.
• Which researchers found evidence for the capacity of short-term memory?

  Jacobs and Miller - digit span test
• What is the main type of coding used in short-term memory?

   acoustic
• What is Long-term Memory?

  Long-term memory is the store we use to retain information for long periods of time.
• What is the main type of coding used in long-term memory?

  semantic
• What is the capacity of Long-term Memory?

  Very large or unlimited
• What is the duration of Long-term Memory?

  Very Large with a potential to be a whole lifetime
• Which researcher investigated the duration of Long-term memory?

  Bahrick - high school students, recognition/recall
• Which researcher investigated the coding used in short and long-term memory?

  Baddeley - time scale on memory with 4 groups with different word sections e.g. sounded similar or meant similar
• Which patient had damage to his long-term memory without damage to his short-term memory?

  Henry Molaison
• Who developed the multi-store model?

  Atkinson and Shiffrin
• What is the multi-store model?

  The multi-store model is a memory model to explain how we transfer information across memory stores. There are three memory stores: the sensory register, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
• According to the multi-store model of memory, how is information transferred from the sensory register to short-term memory?

  Attention
• According to the multi-store model of memory, how is information transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory?

  rehearsal
• What does it mean to say information flow is unidirectional?

  Unidirectional flow means information can only flow in one direction across the stores.