modern

• What did Crick and Watson discover?

  DNA was a double helix shape in 1953
• What is a genome?

  A blueprint of your genetic language
• When was the human genome project?

  1990 - 2003
• What did the human genome project do?

  helped people by identifying their risk of developing cancer
• Who discovered DNA?

  Rosalind Franklin
• What are some examples of modern technology that can diagnose disease?

  • blood tests
  • x-ray
  • MRI scans
  • CT scans
  • ultrasound scans
  • blood pressure monitors
• What did Paul Ehrlich create?

  Salvarsan 606
• When was Salvarsan 606 developed?

  1910
• What was Salvarsan 606 also known as?

  Magic bullets
• What did magic bullets do?

  They were carefully designed drugs that targeted specific germs that caused illness
• Who discovered penicillin?

  Joseph Lister but he didn't continue his discovery so Alexander Fleming is most known for discovering penicillin
• What did penicillin do?

  Treat infections caused by bacteria
• How did Fleming discover penicillin?

  He noticed that in his petri dish there was no mould growing around the penicillin so he identified that penicillin must kill bacteria
• What Florey and Chain do?

  Grew penicillin in bed pans and diluted it so that it could be used as medicine
• How much penicillin was needed to treat one patient?

  2000 litres
• When was the NHS created?

  1948
• Who created the NHS?

  Aneurin Bevan
• How did the government improve healthcare?

  • funded the NHS
  • free flu vaccines for under 16s and over 65s
  • compulsory vaccines for diptheria and polio
  • vaccines for HPV
  • health acts
  • healthy lifestyle campaigns
  • smoking banned in enclosed spaces
• Why were doctors opposed to the NHS at first?

  They thought they would lose their independence and would get payed less
• when was penicillin discovered?

  1928
• what did the discovery of dna allow for?

  developments in gene therapy, genetic screening, and genetic engineering
• what was the aim of the human genome project?

  to identify all 40,000 genes in the human body
• when were endoscope probes developed?

  1976
• what did endoscope probes do?

  allowed doctors to see inside the human body
• when was MRI developed?

  1987
• what did MRI do?

  gave doctors a scan of the body using magnets
• what can blood tests be used for?

  to check levels of cholesterol which measures risk of heart attack, a patient's DNA, and some indicators of their risk of developing cancer
• when were x-rays discovered?

  1895
• what else did paul ehrlich discover?

  methylene blue which killed malaria germs
• what is a con of antibiotics?

  antibiotic resistance - if they are used too much then bacteria can evolve and become resistant
• how did doctors reduce MRSA infections?

  • washing their hands frequently throughout the day
  • using surgical gloves
• when was the first successful transplant?

  1952
• when was the first organ transplant in britain?

  1960
• how did they stop the body from rejecting transplants?

  in 1970, roy caine developed a drug which stopped the body from rejecting organs
• when was the first full face transplant done?

  2008
• how does radiotherapy cure cancer?

  it destroys cancer cells by using gamma rays and x-rays
• how did chemotherapy cure cancer?

  it used drugs like folic acid to stop cancer cells from growing
• what is the latest treatment of cancer?

  immuno-oncology
• what does immuno-oncology do?

  it uses white blood cells called T cells to target and kill cancer cells