Arthritis

• Three types:

  • Osteoarthritis
  • Rheumatoid
  • Arthritis
  • Osteoporosis
• Osteoarthritis symptoms:

  • Joints painful and stiff
  • Tenderness and pain in joints when moving
  • Cracking noise
  • Grating sensation
  • Limited movement
  • Knobbky feelings on joints
• Explanation:

  Joints wear and tear. Cartilage can be lost. Bony growths developing can become inflamed.cartilage may lose elasticity and wear over time. Tendons and legiments could stretch forcing bones to rub against each other.
• Causes:

  • Family history
  • Ageing
  • Obesity
  • Due to operation or damage by an injury, bone didn't have enough time to heal.
• Rheumatoid arthritis

  Symptoms:

  • Varied by person
  • Throbbing
  • Pain
  • Aching
  • Joints swell and become hot and tender
  • Rheumatoid nodules may form under skin affected and swell
• Explanation of Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Immune system accidentally attacks the cells that line joints
  • Synovial membrane becomes inflamed and sore.
  • Cartilage is destroyed
  • Scar tissue replaces damaged cartilage misshapen the joint and makes it rigid.
• Causes of Rheumatoid arthritis

  • Not knows really
  • Virus or infection could have caused it, theoretically. And triggers an autoimmune response. Where body attacks its own tissues by sending antibodies in lining of the joints.
  • Smoking and hormones- common more in women due to high oestrogen levels
  • Inherited- but rarely
• Arthritis- treatment

  • Steroids + NSAIDs (non steroidal anti infallamtory drugs) to reduce swelling and inflammation of joints
  • Painkillers
  • Corticosteroids injection to relive pain
  • Sulements such as glucosamine to relive symptoms
• Arthritis- treatment

  Physiotherapy

  • Joint manipulation- exercise to keep joints flexible and maintain mobility as well as strengthen muscle.
  • Walking sticks, splits to take weight off joint

  TENS- small device to reduc pain
• Treatment:

  • Arthroscopic to clean debris in joint
  • Arthroplasty- replace joint with knee replacement to renew affected joint
  • Osteotomy, bone cut and religned.