Oxidative phosphorylation

• • Hydrogen atoms produced during glycolysis and the Krebs cycle combine with NAD and FAD to produce NADH and FADH
  • The NADH and FADH donate the electrons to the electron transfer chain
  • Electrons pass along the chain in a series of redox reactions
  • This causes protons to travel into the inter-membranal space
  • Protons diffuse into the matrix via ATP synthase channels, which causes an inorganic phosphate to combine with ADP to form ATP
  • Electrons and protons combine with oxygen to form water so oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the chain
• Respiration of lipids:

  • Lipids are hydrolysed to glycerol and fatty acids
  • Glycerol is phosphorylated and converted to triose-phosphate which enters the glycolysis pathway
  • The fatty acid is broken down to acetyl-CoA
• Respiration of proteins:

  • the protein is hydrolysed into amino acids
  • these have their amino group removed (deamination)
  • these then enter the respiratory pathway