6.4.1 Cloning in plants

• What is the primary goal of cloning in plants?

  Genetically identical copies
• Cloning techniques in plants allow for the mass production of genetically uniform plants with desirable traits.


  True
• Growing new plants from small plant tissues or cells in a controlled laboratory environment is called tissue culture.
• Producing new plants from stems, roots, or leaves is called vegetative
• Match the cloning technique with its description:

  Vegetative propagation ↔️ New plants from stems

  Tissue culture ↔️ Growing plants from cells

  Somatic embryogenesis ↔️ Induced embryos from non-reproductive cells
• Steps involved in tissue culture techniques

  1️⃣ Initiation: Prepare a small piece of plant tissue

  2️⃣ Callus Formation: Induce callus development on agar

  3️⃣ Shoot Formation: Transfer callus to media for shoot growth

  4️⃣ Root Formation: Move shoots to media for root development

  5️⃣ Acclimatization: Introduce plantlets to outdoor conditions
• What is one advantage of cloning plants compared to sexual reproduction?

  Preservation of traits
• Cloning in agriculture can improve crop consistency and yields.


  True
• Cloning plants allows for rapid mass production, enabling quick scaling for commercial purposes
• What is one application of plant cloning in conservation?

  Preservation of endangered species
• Match the cloning technique with its description:

  Vegetative propagation ↔️ New plants from stems or roots

  Tissue culture ↔️ Growing plants from small tissues

  Somatic embryogenesis ↔️ Inducing embryos from somatic cells
• Tissue culture is less complex but more cost-effective than vegetative propagation.

  False
• The process of gradually introducing plantlets to outdoor conditions is called acclimatization
• What is the relative speed of vegetative propagation compared to tissue culture?

  Slower
• Cloning plants results in offspring with variable traits.

  False
• Why do cloned plants typically grow faster than seedlings from sexual reproduction?

  Reduced production time
• Increased disease susceptibility in cloned plants is due to their genetic similarity
• Clones require specialized growing conditions to maintain their health.


  True
• The loss of genetic diversity in cloned plants reduces their resilience to environmental changes
• How can cloning contribute to genetic engineering in plants?

  Introducing desirable traits
• Cloning could aid in the mass production of plant species optimized for biofuel feedstock
• Match the advancement in cloning techniques with its potential impact:

  Automated tissue culture systems ↔️ Increased scalability and reduced labor

  Improved plant growth media ↔️ Enhanced survival and growth rates

  Cryopreservation techniques ↔️ Long-term storage of genetic material
• Tissue culture is more cost-effective than vegetative propagation.

  False
• Cloning plants results in a faster speed of reproduction
• What is one advantage of cloning plants over traditional sexual reproduction in terms of crop quality?

  Ensures uniformity
• Cloned plants exhibit slower growth compared to sexually reproduced plants.

  False
• Cloning in plants refers to producing genetically identical copies
• Steps in tissue culture technique:

  1️⃣ Initiation: Prepare the explant

  2️⃣ Callus Formation: Induce callus development

  3️⃣ Shoot Formation: Stimulate shoot growth

  4️⃣ Root Formation: Promote root development

  5️⃣ Acclimatization: Introduce to outdoor conditions
• What is one advantage of cloning plants in terms of species traits?

  Preserves desirable traits
• Tissue culture is less controlled than vegetative propagation.

  False
• One advantage of vegetative propagation is its low cost
• Match the advantage of cloning with its significance:

  Uniformity ↔️ Reliable crop quality

  Rapid Mass Production ↔️ Efficient scaling for commercial purposes

  Preservation ↔️ Enhances biodiversity conservation

  Rapid Growth ↔️ Reduces production time
• Cloning reduces genetic diversity in plants.


  True
• Why is tissue culture cloning less affordable for small farms?

  High production costs
• Match the advantage of cloning with its significance in agriculture:

  Uniformity ↔️ Ensures consistent crop quality

  Rapid Mass Production ↔️ Facilitates efficient scaling

  Preservation ↔️ Allows conservation of rare species

  Rapid Growth ↔️ Reduces production time
• Tissue culture offers greater control and scalability compared to natural vegetative propagation.

  True
• Cloning can ensure a reliable supply of medicinal plants for pharmaceutical use.


  True
• What is one ethical concern associated with widespread plant cloning?

  Potential loss of genetic diversity