dna replication

• pcr

  95 - hydrogen bonds broken and strands separated

  55 - primers annealed to target sequences

  75 - dna replicated by DNA polymerase

  cycle of heating and cooling repeated many times
• what is needed for dna replication

  • template
  • DNA ligase
  • DNA polymerase
  • primers
  • ATP
  • free DNA nucleotides
• The practical applications of PCR

  to amplify DNA to help solve crimes, settle paternity suits and diagnose genetic disorders
• process of DNA replication

  hydrogen bonds break, DNA unzips to form 2 template strands

  a DNA primer attaches to the start of the piece of DNA being copied

  DNA polymerase attaches free nucleotides to 3' end

  this continuous process happens until the leading strand is copied

  many primers attach along the lagging strand

  these are extended by DNA polymerase

  the fragments are joined by DNA ligase

  this is a discontinuous process creating the lagging strand
• what is needed for PCR

  • DNA (as template)
  • heat tolerant DNA polymerase
  • DNA primers
  • free nucleotides
• why are primers necessary for DNA replication

  So DNA polymerase can add nucleotides to the 3′ end of the new strand