Module 1-2

• prefixes are letters or syllables added to the beginning of a word rootto alter its meaning
• suffixes are letters or syllables added at the end of a word root to change its meaning
• word roots are the main part of a word and may be combined with prefixes, suffixes, and other roots
• combining form of a word contains a vowel, usually an "o", which is used to facilitate pronunciation when the word root is combined with another word or a suffix that does not begin with a vowel
• plural forms in writing and using medical terms, its is important to know that various medical terms have different plural forms
• clinical laboratory is any place where specimens from the human body may be collected, processed, examined or analyzed
• Physician Office Laboratory clinical laboratories within physician offices where laboratory testing is carried out on specimens obtained from the practices own patients
• hospital laboratories offers laboratory testing that meets the needs of their respective institution
• point of care testing are hospital laboratories may also offer another method for testing samples
• reference laboratories performs more test annually than either pols or the hospital laboratories, processing perhaps thousands of specimen per day
• philippine national heart center- anatomic pathology for cardiac diseases
• national kidney and transplant institute- renal diseases, hematology and immunohema
• lung center of the philippines- clinical chemistry, pulmonary diseases
• san lazaro hospital- hiv, hepa, std
• research institute for tropical medicine- dengue, blood donors, blood units
• east avenue medical center- drug test, water testing, toxicology
• specimen processing- where all incoming specimen are sorted, accessioned into the computer system of the laboratory and appropriately labeled for transport to their respective departments for testing
• hematology- whole blood testing, focuses in the formed elements in the blood coagulation testing
• serology/immunohematology- primarily on the presence of antigens and antibodies on cells or in the liquid portion of the blood
• clinical chemistry- testing performed on the plasma or serum
• urinalysis- physical appearance of urine is assessed, and urine chemical and microscopic analysis is performed
• cytology- for abnormal cells, chromosomal studies, pap smears
• coagulation- presence of various clotting factors
• histology/pathology- tissue samples examined for abnormal function and form
• laboratory requisition- formed used by a physician to document the test that are to be performed for a patient
• additional information about specimen collection and handling may be found in a laboratory directory
• preanalytical phase- refers to the situations and actions that take place prior to the collection, during the collection, and during the processing of the specimen
• analytical phase- performance of the tests that have been ordered
• postanalytical phase- process associated with the recording and reporting laboratory results. storage and disposal of specimen after testing, and provider and patient notification of test results
• donning- gown, mask, goggles, gloves
• doffing- gloves, goggles, gown, mask