JPP: Journalism: Definition, History, and Role

• Journalism is the collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related commentary and feature materials through such print and electronic media as newspapers, magazines, books, blogs, webcasts, podcasts, social networking sites, and e-mail as well as radio, motion pictures, and television.
• Acta Diurna was the earliest journalistic product, a news sheet circulated in ancient Rome from 59 BCE.
• Bao or Report was a court order issued in China during the Tang Tang Dynasty to government officials until the Qing Dynasty in 1911.
• The first regularly published news papers appeared in German cities and Antwerp about 1609.
• The first English newspaper, The Weekly news, was published in 1622.
• One of the first daily newspapers, The Daily Courant, was published in 1702.
• Like the American Newspaper Guild, organized in 1933, and the Federation Nationate de la Presse Française, the institute functioned as both a trade union and a professional organization.
• The First University course in journalism was given at the University of Missouin (Columbia) in 1879-84.
• The First Graduate program of journalism in Columbia Grant by New york editor and Publisher Joseph Pulitzer.
• Denis Maquial cites the following defining features of a newspaper: Regular Appearance, Irefutably public Character, Commercial circulation, Serving multiple Purposes: Information, Education, Entertainment, Advertising.
• Successos Felices, the first Philippine newsletter equivalent to European Broadsheets, was published in 1827.
• Tomas Pinpin, the First Filipino Printer, wrote about the Spanish naval history victory over the Putch in Cavite and the military victory over Muslim Filipino Rebels.
• Del Superior Loverino, the First regular issued publication in the Philippines, was published in 1811.
• Diario De Manila, the Best-edited newspaper, was heated by Felipe del pan and lived the longest among many Philippine dailies established during the Spanish period with 38 years.
• La Esperanza, the First Daily Newspaper, mostly dealt with noncontroversial subjects.
• El Comercio, the Most Stable Newspaper in its time, existed for 56 years.
• La Opinion, the First Opinion magazine, marked the beginning of Political journalism in the Philippines.
• Revolutionary Press used newspapers to pit mass media against Spaniards.
• La Solidaridad, the Most famous Revolutionary Newspaper on February 19 1889, was published by Graciano lopez Jaena.
• Graciano lopez Jaena, the First Editor in La Solidaridad in 1896, was a Revolutionary Hero along with Jose Rizal, Marcelo H Pilar, and Mariano Ponce.
• Ang Kalayaan, established by Andres Bonifacio and Emillio Jacinto in January 1896, was written in Tagalog.
• La Independencia, edited by Antoni, lung, was the mouthpiece for Filipinos against the Spanish.
• The American Occupation, the Second Period of Philippine history, lasted 3 years.
• Manila Times, the First English language daily in the Philippines in 1898, was founded by an Englishman Thomas Gowan and existed for only 32 years.
• Manila Bulletin, the oldest existing newspaper in the Philippines, was founded by Carson Taylor and has existed for 100 years.
• The Philippines Herald, a Nationalistic Newspaper founded by Manuel L Quezon, didn't last long like El nuevo Dia (the New Day) published on Cebu and El Renacimiento.
• The Golden Age of Philippine Journalism, known to be "The freest in Asia", lasted from 1952 to 1972 when the National Press Club and the Philippine Press Institute were organized.
• Marshall law was Declared on September 21 1972, ordered by President Ferdinand E Marcos to take over Mass Media.
• Only the Daily Express and Bulletin were allowed to open during the Marcos Years.
• Father and Son team, Jose Bourgos created We Forum during the Marcos Years.
• Pahayagang Malaya, the Nationalistic youth of the Philippine Collegian (UP Diliman), Ang Malaya (Philippine College of Commerce)(PUP), Pandayan (ateneo), Ang Hasik (Pamantasang ng Lungsod ng Maynila), Balawis (Mapua), and The Manila Times (The Grand Old man of PH Journalism) were active during the Marcos Years.
• Post EDSA: A Press Total of 20 national dailies and 19 tabloids in Metro Manila, with only 2 being Filipino: Kabayan and Numero Uno.
• The Most Popular Tabloid "Abante", the People's Journal, was also active during the Post EDSA period.