CHAP 1

• The 17th Century saw John Napier, and others greatly extend the power of mathematics as a calculatory science with his discovery of Logarithms.
• Pierre de Fermat was a French lawyer and a mathematician who is given credit for early developments that led to infinitesimal calculus. Fermat, together with Pascal, began the mathematical study of probability
• Blaise Pascal laid the foundations of the Probability Theory together with Fernmat. He invented the Pascaline, an early mechanical calculator, He is also known for the Pascal's Triangle, a tool for expanding a binomial (a+b).
• Rene Descartes was another notable mathematician of the 17th century. He invented the Cartesian coordinate system, developed analytic geometry and laid the foundation for the development of calculus.
• what is the first paper published in calculus? leibniz
• The most important mathematician of the 18th Century was Leonhard Euler who, in addition to work in a wide range of mathematical areas, started Graph Theory, the Calculus of Variations and Differential Geometry.
• Carl Friedrich Gauss German mathematician, generally regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all time for his contri- butions to number theory, geometry, probability theory, planetary, and the theory of functions. In 1799, he proved the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra.
• John Venn Introduced Venn Diagram in 1874. This became a useful tool in Set Theory.