enzymes

• Enzymes can be denatured by extreme temperatures or pH levels, causing the loss of their three-dimensional structure and rendering them non-functional.
• substrate specificity refers to how well an enzyme can recognise its own substrate
• The shape and chemistry of an enzyme's active site allows it to specifically recognize its substrate, facilitating an efficient catalyzed reaction.
• the active site is the part of an enzyme where substrates bind to form products
• The active site of an enzyme contains specific amino acid residues that bind to the substrate and help stabilize the transition state.
• Enzymes catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to proceed.
• Enzymes can be classified into six major classes based on the type of reaction they catalyze: oxidoreductases, transferases, hydrolases, lyases, isomerases, and ligases.
• Temperature can affect enzyme activity, with most enzymes having an optimal temperature at which they work best.
• Inhibitors are substances that reduce or prevent enzymatic activity, either reversibly (competitive inhibition) or irreversibly (non-competitive inhibition).