Ethnic

• A good illustration of the impact of labelling on black pupils is a study done by Gillborn and Youdell (2000) . They found that teachers were quicker to discipline black students than others for the same behaviour .

  They argued that this was a result of the teachers having racialised expectations . They found that teachers expected black pupils to present more discipline problems and misinterpret their behaviour as threatening or as a challenge to authority . When teachers acted on this misconception, the student responded negatively which led to further conflict .