AO1

• Who produced the cognitive interview in 1992?

  Fisher and Geiselman
• What is the main argument of the cognitive interview?

  Eyewitness testimony can be improved with better techniques
• What are the techniques of the cognitive interview based on?

  Psychological insights into memory
• What are the key components of the cognitive interview?

  • Reinstate the context
  • Reverse the order
  • Change the perspective
  • Report everything
• What does "reinstate the context" involve?

  Imagining the original crime scene and emotions
• Why is reversing the order of events important?

  It prevents reporting expectations instead of facts
• How does changing the perspective aid recall?

  It disrupts expectations and schema effects
• What does "report everything" encourage witnesses to do?

  Include all details, even if trivial
• Why is retrieval important in the cognitive interview?

  Memory is more accurate in the same context
• How does the cognitive interview reduce leading questions?

  It avoids asking out-of-context questions
• What is the enhanced cognitive interview?

  It includes social dynamics in the interaction
• What are some elements of the enhanced cognitive interview?

  Establishing eye contact and reducing anxiety
• Why is it important to minimize distractions during the interview?

  To help the witness focus on recalling details
• What is the purpose of asking open-ended questions in the enhanced cognitive interview?

  To encourage detailed and expansive responses
• What was the enhanced cognitive interview created for?

  To be used with children
• What does the enhanced cognitive interview include in addition to the usual components?

  Additional features to build rapport
• How does the enhanced cognitive interview differ from the standard cognitive interview?

  It includes features to build a relationship
• Who created the staged situation in a lecture?

  Geiselman
• What was the purpose of the staged situation created by Geiselman?

  To study the effect of leading questions
• What item was stolen by the intruder in the staged situation?

  A slide projector
• What two interview techniques were compared in Geiselman's study?

  Cognitive interview and standard interview
• What was the finding regarding the color of the rucksack in Geiselman's study?

  Participants recalled it as blue, not green
• What conclusion did Geiselman reach about the cognitive interview?

  It reduces susceptibility to leading questions
• How does the cognitive interview affect witness recall according to Geiselman's findings?

  It makes witnesses less susceptible to misleading information